Chapter 8 The Appendicular skeleton

Question 1

What is the function of the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 1

Body movements. As “appendages” to the central skeleton, these bones include those of the upper and lower limbs

Question 2

The shoulder girdle involves what?

Answer 2

Clavicle and scapula

Question 3

What is the clavicle?

Answer 3

S shape bone on the collar

Question 4

What does the medial (sternal) end of the clavicle articulate with?

Answer 4

Manubrium of the sternum

Question 5

What does the lateral (acromial) end of the clavicle articulate with?

Answer 5

The acromion of the scapula

Question 6

What is the scapula?

Answer 6

The flat bone that is located in the superior part of the posterior thorax between the second and seventh rib?

Question 7

What is the glenoid cavity?

Answer 7

The attachment point for the humerus

Question 8

What does the humerus articulate with?

Answer 8

1. The scapula proximally
2. Radius and ulna distally

Question 9

What are the radius and the ulna?

Answer 9

The two bones of the forearm

Question 10

How is the elbow formed?

Answer 10

The olecranon and coronoid process at the proximal end of the ulna form the trochlear notch which wraps around the trochlea of the humerus

Question 11

Which side is the radius located on the arm?

Answer 11

The lateral (thumbside) of the forearm

Question 12

What allows the forearm to rotate?

Answer 12

The articulation of its head with the capitulum of the humerus and with the ulna

Question 13

What are the carpal bones?

Answer 13

8 small bones connected to each other by ligaments and are arranged in two rows of four bones each

Question 14

What is the proximal row of the carpals?

Answer 14

The row that articulates with the distal radius and ulna

Question 15

What is the distal row of the carpals?

Answer 15

The row that articulates with the metacarpals

Question 16

How many metacarpals do we have and what do they make up?

Answer 16

We have 5 and they make up the palm and back of the hand

Question 17

How do we number the metacarpals?

Answer 17

1-5 starting with the thumb

Question 18

What are the phalanges?

Answer 18

14 in total and are the bones of the digits

Question 19

How forms the pelvic girdle?

Answer 19

Two hip bones

1. Os coxa,
2. Coxal bones

Question 20

The hip bone is made up what?

Answer 20

1. Ilium
2. Ischium
3. Pubis

Question 21

The two bones of the hips articulate with what?

Answer 21

They articulate anteriorly at the pubic bones

Question 22

What is located between the bones in the pelvic girdle?

Answer 22

a disc of fibrocartilage

Question 23

What is the acetabulum?

Answer 23

The hip socket joint in the hip for the femur

Question 24

How is the pelvic girdle divided?

Answer 24

It is divided in the superior and inferior portion by the pelvic brim

Question 25

What is the false (greater) pelvis?

Answer 25

The area of the bony pelvis superior to the pelvic brim

Question 26

What is the true (lesser) pelvis?

Answer 26

The are of the boy pelvis inferior to the pelvic brim

Question 27

What is one way the female and male pelvis is different?

Answer 27

The female pelvis is lighter and structured to meet the requirements of pregnancy and childbirth

Question 28

What is the femur?

Answer 28

The longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body

Question 29

What does the femur articulate with?

Answer 29

1. The superior portion articulates with the acetabulum 2. The distal end articulates with the tibia and patella

Question 30

What is the patella?

Answer 30

The triangular bone that develops in the quadriceps tendon

Question 31

What does the lower leg consist of?

Answer 31

Tibia and fibula

Question 32

What does the tibia articulate with?

Answer 32

1. Proximal end articulates with femur 2. Distal end articulates with talus bone of the ankle

Question 33

What is the tibial tuberosity?

Answer 33

The portion of the anterior surface of the tibia which is the point of attachment for the patella ligament

Question 34

How many bones does the tarsus have?

Answer 34

7 tarsal bones 1. talus 2. calcaneus 3. navicular 4. 3 cuneiforms 5. cuboid

Question 35

How many bones is the metatarsus made up?

Answer 35

5 metatarsal bones and just like the carpels it is numbered 1-5 with the big toe being 1

Question 36

What does the tarsals make up?

Answer 36

The sole and dorsal surface of the foot

Question 37

What does the tarsals articulate with?

Answer 37

1. proximal end articulates with the 3 cuneiform bones and the cuboid 2. The distal end articulates with the proximal phalanges

Question 38

Is there any difference in the phalanges in the foot and hand?

Answer 38

Nope

Question 39

What are the arches in the foot supported by?

Answer 39

Ligaments and tendons

Question 40

What is the purpose of the arches?

Answer 40

To allow the foot to support the weight of the body, provide leverage while walking, and distribute the body's weight over the foot

Question 41

What are the two arches in the foot?

Answer 41

1. Longitudinal arch 2. Transverse arch