Chapter 9 Flashcards
(16 cards)
semantic triangle of meaning
he semantic triangle of meaning challenges the idea that words have fixed and easily defined meanings. Rather, it argues that the meaning of a word in language is fluid and based in the “the relations of words to ideas and of ideas to things
symbol
meaning is actually made in language when one person uses a word, what we call something, “water bottle”
thought
what you think of when saying the world water bottle
referent
image
speaking for clarity
a style of speech in which the speaker uses simple words, basic sentence structure, and ample definitions in order to teach the audience about something they do not know
speaking for entertainment
a speaking style that uses complex word play and ambiguity in order to give an audience a sense of joy
ambiguity
the undefined, unclear, a vague description of a situation
irony
a trope in which the speaker implies a meaning different or opposite of the literal meaning
self deprecation
the mocking or poking fun at oneself in order to make a larger entertaining commentary about the world
speaking for eloquence
a style of speaking in which the speaker uses beautiful, poetic, and complex language in order to inspire the audience to action
metaphor
a comparison between two things with similar qualities in order to explain or simplify one of those things (he has a heart of gold)
simile
another form of comparison be-tween two distinct things, this time with the explicit use of the words “like” or “as.” (as sly as a fox)
alliteration
the repetition of an initial sound across a set of words in a sentence (the sweet birds sang)
parallelism
the repetition of a particular wording across multiple, adjacent sentences (she likes hiking, biking, and swimming)
speaking for inclusion and affirmation
speaking in a way that makes all the members of our diverse, pluralistic audience feel acknowledged, welcomed, and valued by the speaker
goals for speaking for inclusion and affirmation
-avoid using offensive language
-avoid social justice elitism
-use gender neutral and inclusive language
-use preferred names and pronouns
