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Sex Psych > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the study of human sexual response important?

A

Assists individuals in developing sexual skills

Strategies for solving sexual issues

An opportunity to explore the findings of
human sexuality research in this area
-objective and subjective findings

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2
Q

What are the 4 stages of sexual response according to masters and Johnson ?

A

Excitement
Plateau
Orgasm
Resolution

*using objective measuring tools

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3
Q

What are the 2 main processes of sexual response?

A

Vasocongestion

Myotonia

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4
Q

What is Vasocongestion?

A

Smooth muscles relaxes; arteries dilate; increased blood flow, HR and BP

Results? Erections, lubrication in females

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5
Q

What is Myotonia?

A

Muscle tension

Results? Contractions in genitals and other body parts

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6
Q

What type of excitement happens in both sexes?

A

Vasocongestion

Increased heart rate and blood pressure

Myotonia
-Nipples become erect

Sex flush

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7
Q

What are the physiological excited states present in only males?

A

Erection (vasocongestion)

  • 3-8 seconds in young men
  • Slowed by alcohol, age, fatigue

Scrotal skin thickens

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8
Q

What are the physiological excited states present in only females?

A

Anatomical/physiologic responses

  • Upper two thirds of vagina expand Cervical-uterine retraction
  • Clitoris sensitivity increases -due to blood engorgement
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9
Q

Ini females what does vasocongestion produce?

A

Vasocongestion produces:

  • Transudation
      • lubrication of vaginal walls
  • Engorgement of corpora cavernosa, crura, vestibular bulbs
  • Both labias swell and open up
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10
Q

What is the plateau?

A

Both sexes
Vasocongestion reaches its peak

In Females:
Formation of the “orgasmic platform” Tightening of vaginal entrance
! “gripping sensation” Clitoris retracts into body

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11
Q

What happens during orgasm in both genders?

A

Blood pressure, breathing, heart rate at maximum levels

Muscles contract throughout body
-E.g., face, feet/hands, rectal sphincter

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12
Q

What happens to females during oragsm??

A

Orgasmic platform contracts at 0.8 second intervals
-3 to 15 times

Uterine contractions occur
-Recall parameters around sex and pregnancy

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13
Q

What are the 2 phases in male orgasm?

A

Phase I

  • Internal sex structures contract
  • Semen forced into bulb at base of urethra
  • will automatically go into phase 2 at this point

Phase II
-Semen expelled by muscles contractions of penis and urethra

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14
Q

What happens in resolution phase in both sexes?

A

Myotonia, heart rate, breathing return to normal

Sex flush disappears

Nipple erection subsides slowly

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15
Q

What happens during resolution in males only?

A

Detumescence—loss of erection

Testes, scrotum return to normal

Refractory period—incapable of further arousal and orgasm
-A few minutes to up to 24 hours

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16
Q

What happens during resolution in females only?

A

Clitoris returns to normal position

Vagina/uterus return to normal state

lack of orgasm may
dramatically slow
resolution
-Pelvic congestion can remain if no release

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17
Q

What were the critisisms of masters and Johnson?

A

No account of cognitive or subjective sexual response

Sampling

  • Argued did not need a random sample because studied normative processes
  • Participants characterized by high sexual desire and orgasm
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18
Q

What is the Kaplan triphasic model?

A

Sexual desire (psychological/ cognitive component)

Vasocongestion (excitement)

Muscular contractions (orgasm)

• Brought in aspect of psychological component that can prepare people for a sexual emcountrer
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19
Q

What does the Kaplan triphasic model think about vasocongestion and myotonia?

A

Thought of as separate processes

  • Location: parasympathetic vs. sympathetic
  • Body part: blood vessels vs. muscles
  • Control: involuntary vs. some learned control
  • Impairment: erectile vs. ejaculation
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20
Q

What is the Basson’s Intimacy model?

A

Desire before arousal

  • Begin sex for intimacy, experience arousal, experience desire
  • Women may be less aware of genital vasocongestion and arousal
21
Q

What did Bassons intimacy model say about couples in longterm relationships?

A
  • Studied lonterm couples
  • Not unusually for a longer term relationshp wont always have the same desire on the same life all the time
  • If it wasn’t initiated by the person who wasn’t aroused then all the physiological aspects of arounsal still happened later
22
Q

What is the dual control model?

A

Two basic processes Excitation (arousal response) and Inhibition (stopping arousal response)

Research is over focussed on excitement/ arousal

Ability to inhibit sexual arousal appropriately is essential to healthy social functioning

23
Q

Who invented to dual control model?

A

John Bancroft

24
Q

Is there differences in orgasm between he sexes?

A

Subjective descriptions of orgasm by college students

Male/female reports indistinguishable

25
Can both sexes have multiple orgasms?
Kinsey Research -14% of women regular multiples Masters and Johnson - 5-20 orgasms in masturbation - Sample of nurses: 43% regular multiples Men? Possible if no loss of erection or ejaculation
26
What is the other term for the g-spot?
Grafenberg Spot | Female prostate
27
Where is the female G spot and what does it do?
Located on front vaginal wall; ducts open into urethra - Ejaculate’s smell, taste and composition is different than urine - Alkaline like prostate fluid Stimulated by fingers, rear entry, female on top positions - identifiable by MRI - produces Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
28
Where is the male g-spot?
Perineum -Area between scrotum and anus Prostate gland - Access through anus (finger curved towards belly) - May feel walnut shaped bump
29
What are the implications of faking an orgasm?
Concerns -Hinders partner’s learning of your arousal -Opens up cycle of miscommunication mistrust *both genders can fake
30
What are the characteristics and how you get an erection?
Cognitive and/or tactile stimulation-> lowest part of spinal cord - Sacral region - Vasocongestion Message to parasympathetic division of ANS Muscles relax, arteries expand, blood flows -valves reduce blood flow out during erect
31
What is the physiology of ejaculation?
Parasympathetic and Sympathetic divisions of the nervous system are involved Ejaculation centre triggers a muscular response - lumbar portion - Sympathetic stimulation of muscular contractions
32
What are the issues with ejaculaiton?
Rapid Ejaculation - Premature ejaculation - -Kegels - -Stop Start technique Delayed Ejaculation Situational Ejaculatory dysfunction Retrograde Ejaculation - Dysfunction of the internal and external sphincters - Ejaculate empties into the bladder - Dry orgasm results - Harmless condition
33
where is the sensory input reflex for females in the spinal cord?
Sacral portion
34
Which nerves fibres innervate the clit and vagina?
Sympathetiic and parasympathetic
35
What primes the Brian to respond to sexuall stimuli?
Hormones | -can influences sexual behaviour and function
36
What does testosterone affect in terms of sexual desire?
Libido and sexual desires in both genders
37
Where is testosterone produced in either genders?
Males produce testosterone in the testicles Females produce testosterone from the ovaries and adrenal glands
38
What are pheramones?
Olfactory centres of the brain closely associated to areas of the brain stimulated during sexual response Biochemical compounds secreted outside the body Non Human animals use pheromones in communication and optimize copulatory reproductive success Cranial nerve zero found in humans and non-human animals
39
What are aphrodisiacs?
Substances that increase (or people believe increase) sexual desire Varies from person to person No proof or these that substances that increase sexual desire , supposed to entice and encourage behaviours
40
What are the categories of aphrodisiacs?
Foods (e.g., oysters, bull’s testicles, ground reindeer antlers) Herbs Drugs/alcohol (e.g., small amounts of alcohol, amyl nitrate) Exercise Cold showers Potassium Nitrate
41
What are the sexual side effects?
With SSRI therapy for depression/anxiety - Sexual side effects common - Pharmaceutical companies claim the side effects should reverse with cessation of treatment
42
What influences arousal?
Sight Sound Taste/smell Erogenous zones
43
What were the general thoughts about masturbation in the 19thc
Fear it would lead to insanity, illness, sterility
44
What are the thoughts about masturbation in todays day and age?
Today we know there are no health risks - May have therapeutic benefit - -Correlation between masturbation in adolescence and sexual satisfaction in marriage
45
What is cyber sex?
Sexual intimacy achieved while online without physical contact with a partner - self-stimulation - intimate photos or videos shared - sexually stimulating dialogue
46
How do you achieve effective communication?
When intentions match impact Chose appropriate time and dont make assumption Avoid non-constructive communication Active listening Body language
47
What are some communication techniques for delivering a message?
Use “I” language Don’t engage in mind reading Be specific -Document if necessary Accentuate the positive Draw a partner out
48
What are keys to exceptional sex?
being entirely present during sex interpersonal connection deep intimacy through mutual self disclosure reciprocal emotional sensitivity emotional safety to be uninhibited and vulnerable exploration and sexual growth opportunity for optimal connection and personal growth

Sex Psych (27 decks)

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