Chapter 9 Test

Question 1

A calorie is the amount of energy needed to _____ 1 degree Celsius.

Answer 1

raise the temperature of 1 gram of water

Question 2

how do cells use energy

Answer 2

burn food
break down bonds gradually and use the stored energy to produce other compounds like ATP.

Question 3

how do cells prefer to break bonds

Answer 3

gradually

Question 4

Cells burn food (_____) and release energy as _____.

Answer 4

break bonds
heat

Question 5

Prefer to break down bonds gradually and use the stored energy to _____

Answer 5

produce other compounds like ATP

Question 6

Cellular Respiration occurs in _____ cells.

Answer 6

all eukaryotic

Question 7

Cellular respiration formula

Answer 7

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 8

Stages of Cellular Respiration:

Answer 8

Glycolysis (cytoplasm)
The Krebs Cycle (mitochondrial matrix)
Electron Transport Chain (inner membrane of mitochondria)

Question 9

Where is Glycolysis located? `

Answer 9

(cytoplasm)

Question 10

Where is The Krebs Cycle located?

Answer 10

(mitochondrial matrix)

Question 11

Where is the Electron Transport Chain located?

Answer 11

(inner membrane of mitochondria)

Question 12

What are the Pathways of Cellular Respiration

Answer 12

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Question 13

aerobic

Answer 13

requires oxygen

Question 14

anaerobic

Answer 14

does not require oxygen

Question 15

What are the two kinds of aerobic respiration

Answer 15

The Krebs Cycle
The Electron Transport Chain

Question 16

What are the two kinds of anaerobic respiration

Answer 16

glycolysis
fermentation

Question 17

Where does respiration take place?

Answer 17

Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Krebs and ETC takes place inside the mitochondria.

Question 18

Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration:
Energy:
Photo -
CR -

Answer 18

Photo-Deposits
CR-Withdraws

Question 19

Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration:
Carbon dioxide:
Photo -
CR -

Answer 19

Photo-removes it from the atmosphere
CR-puts it back into the atmosphere

Question 20

Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration:
Oxygen:
Photo -
CR -

Answer 20

Photo-releases it into the atmosphere.
CR-Takes it in from atmosphere to release energy from food.

Question 21

Why does cellular respiration rely on autotrophes?

Answer 21

autotrophes make glucose through the process of photosynthesis

Question 22

In Glycolysis, glucose is transformed into _____

Answer 22

pyruvic acid.

Question 23

What is the net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose from glycolysis

Answer 23

2

Question 24

How many high energy electrons are passed to the electron carriers NAD+ in glycolysis

Answer 24

4

Question 25

Four high energy electrons are passed to _____ in glycolysis

Answer 25

the electron carriers NAD+

Question 26

What happens when Pyruvic acid is formed in glycolysis

Answer 26

1 molecule of glucose C6H12O6 bonds are broken

Question 27

In glycolysis how many ATP are... invested? Produced? net?

Answer 27

Investment 2 production 4 net 2

Question 28

How many pyruvic acids are formed in the process of glycolysis

Answer 28

2

Question 29

Does the Krebs cycle need oxygen

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

In the Krebs Cycle, _____ is broken down into _____ in a series of energy-extracting steps

Answer 30

Pyruvic acid carbon dioxide

Question 31

what happens to co2 in the krebs cycle

Answer 31

it is exhaled

Question 32

In the krebs cycle, The _____, when in the presence of oxygen, generate huge amounts of _____.

Answer 32

electrons in NADH ATP

Question 33

In the ETC, The electrons are passed down the chain transporting ____ across the membrane and creates a _____(_____).

Answer 33

H+ ions negative region (chemiosmosis)

Question 34

In the ETC, every time the electrons move, _____ move, thus ATP is created by _____.

Answer 34

H+ ions ATP synthase

Question 35

In ETC, as each pair of electrons from NADH moves down the length of the ETC _____ are produced and __ for _____

Answer 35

3 molecules of ATP 2 for FADH2

Question 36

Per one glucose molecule, what percent becomes ATP and where does the other percentace go

Answer 36

38% becomes ATP the other 62% is lost to heat

Question 37

Where do the ATPs come from and how many

Answer 37

2 from glycolysis 2 from Krebs Cycle 34 from Electron Transport Chain

Question 38

The Pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis enters the _____ if oxygen is present in a cell

Answer 38

mitochonria

Question 39

In the matrix pyruvic acid is converted to _____ acid before the krebs cycle begins

Answer 39

Acetic

Question 40

In fermentation _____ is regenerated so glycolysis can continue.

Answer 40

NAD+

Question 41

What are the two forms of fermentation

Answer 41

1. Alcoholic Fermentation 2. Lactic Acid Fermentation

Question 42

What does Alcoholic Fermentation produce

Answer 42

ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide

Question 43

Alcoholic Fermentation causes _____ and _____.

Answer 43

bread to rise creates alcohol for beverages

Question 44

Lactic Acid Fermentation is used for food to create _____

Answer 44

sour tastes.

Question 45

Lactic acid is used for what foods

Answer 45

cheese, yogurt, sour cream

Question 46

Humans are _____ fermenters especially in _____

Answer 46

lactic acid the muscles

Question 47

If you want Quick Energy use _____

Answer 47

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Question 48

Lactic Acid Fermentation uses Energy stored in _____ is only supplied for _____.

Answer 48

the ATP of cells a short burst of energy

Question 49

Where is lactic acid fermentation used

Answer 49

muscles

Question 50

If you want long term energy use _____

Answer 50

cellular respiration

Question 51

If you need a burst of energy, this energy comes from _____fermentation

Answer 51

lactic acid

Question 52

When exercising for 20 minutes, you rbody uses _____

Answer 52

cellular respiration

Question 53

What product of the krebs cycle is not re used or used on other stages of cellular respiration

Answer 53

carbon dioxide