chapter seven

Question 1

two cerebral hemispheres; contralateral input and output

Answer 1

cerebrum

Question 2

“little brain”, attached to brainstem, movement control center

Answer 2

cerebellum

Question 3

stalk of the brain, relay to and from cerebrum; control of vital functions (damage is typically fatal)

Answer 3

brain stem

Question 4

spinal cord location

Answer 4

attached to brain stem

Question 5

conducts information from brain to body and body to brain

Answer 5

spinal cord

Question 6

carriers of information to and from spinal cord

Answer 6

spinal nerves (dorsal root and ventral roots)

Question 7

dorsal root goes to ______

Answer 7

brain

Question 8

ventral root moves _____ from brain

Answer 8

away

Question 9

clusters of cell bodies that contain somatic sensory axons

Answer 9

dorsal root ganglia

Question 10

dorsal root is made up of somatic _____ axons

Answer 10

sensory

Question 11

ventral root is made up of somatic _____ axons

Answer 11

motor

Question 12

PNS has two divisions ____ and _____

Answer 12

somatic; visceral

Question 13

of the body wall means

Answer 13

somatic

Question 14

of the organs in the body activity means

Answer 14

visceral

Question 15

visceral system controls the ______ nervous system

Answer 15

autonomic

Question 16

carry info towards the CNS

Answer 16

afferent

Question 17

carry info away from the CNS

Answer 17

efferent

Question 18

___ cranial nerves from brain stem

Answer 18

12

Question 19

three membranes that surround the brain

Answer 19

the meninges

Question 20

(one of the membranes of the meninges): leather-like

Answer 20

dura mater

Question 21

(one of the membranes of the meninges): spider web

Answer 21

arachnoid membrane

Question 22

(one of the membranes of the meninges): adheres closely to the surface of the brain

Answer 22

pia meter

Question 23

brain floats in _____ ______

Answer 23

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 24

specialized tissue in ventricles that secretes CSF

Answer 24

choroid plexus

Question 25

the ___ forms from them walls of fluid-filled neural tube

Answer 25

CNS

Question 26

_ layers of cells will become neural tube

Answer 26

3 (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)

Question 27

skin and neural plate

Answer 27

ectoderm

Question 28

bone, muscle, connective tissues

Answer 28

mesoderm

Question 29

embryonic gut, internal organs

Answer 29

endoderm

Question 30

formation neural plate and neural tube

Answer 30

neurulation (occurs around 22-days post conception)

Question 31

neurulation is a ___ step process

Answer 31

two

Question 32

( step one: neurulation ) - neural ______ ----> neural ______ : walls of the groove = neural folds

Answer 32

plate; groove

Question 33

(step two: neurulation) - fusion of neural ____ -----> neural tube

Answer 33

folds

Question 34

from step two, entire _____ develops from walls of neural tube

Answer 34

CNS

Question 35

neural _____ forms PNS neurons

Answer 35

crest

Question 36

After neural tube has closed, what happens next?

Answer 36

differentiation

Question 37

specialization of function

Answer 37

differentiation

Question 38

what is the first step of differentiation

Answer 38

2 swellings - primary vesicles

Question 39

forebrain differentiates into

Answer 39

telencephalon, diencephalon and paired optic vesicles

Question 40

retina and optic nerves derived from ______ (CNS)

Answer 40

forebrain

Question 41

differentiated from the ________: thalamus and hypothalamus

Answer 41

diencephalon

Question 42

differentiated from the ________: cerebral hemispheres, olfactory bulbs, optic cups, basal telencephalon

Answer 42

telencephalon

Question 43

gateway to cortex

Answer 43

thalamus

Question 44

sensory infromaton from contralteral side of the body

Answer 44

thalamus to cortex

Question 45

analyze sensory input and command motor output

Answer 45

cerebral cortex

Question 46

carry motor information to contralateral side of the body

Answer 46

cortex to thalamus

Question 47

control of visceral nervous system; motivated behaviors

Answer 47

hypothalamus

Question 48

the midbrain differentiates into ____ and _____

Answer 48

tectum (roof); tegmentum (floor)

Question 49

the ____ functions as a information conduit between spinal cord and cortex

Answer 49

midbrain

Question 50

_____ colliculus of the tectum recieves sensory info from eye

Answer 50

superior

Question 51

_____ colliculus of the tectum recieves sensory info from the ear

Answer 51

inferior

Question 52

_______ has red nucleus and substantia nigra which controls ______ _____

Answer 52

tegmentum; voluntary movement

Question 53

differentiation of the hindbrain results in ___ and ____

Answer 53

medulla, cerebellum & pons

Question 54

survival functions

Answer 54

medulla

Question 55

switchboard connecting cerebral cortex to cerebellum

Answer 55

pons

Question 56

what are the three types of cortex

Answer 56

hippocampus, olfactory complex, and neocortex

Question 57

dorsal horn recieves ____ inputs

Answer 57

sensory

Question 58

ventral horn sends ___ outputs

Answer 58

motor