Chapter Ten Vocab

Question 1

Epimysium

Answer 1

Surrounded entire muscle

Question 2

Perimysium

Answer 2

Surrounds fascicles

Question 3

Fascicle

Answer 3

Group of muscle cells

Question 4

Endomysium

Answer 4

Separates individual cells
Electrically isolates cells

Question 5

Tendon

Answer 5

All three layers as they merge to attach to bone

Question 6

Muscle

Answer 6

Group of fascicles

Question 7

Muscle fascicle

Answer 7

Group of muscle fibers (cell)

Question 8

Muscle fiber

Answer 8

Group of myofibrils

Question 9

Sarcolemma

Answer 9

Muscle cell membrane

Question 10

Sarcoplasma

Answer 10

Muscle cell cytoplasm

Question 11

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Stores calcium

Question 12

Cisternae

Answer 12

Areas of the ER dedicated to CA++ storage

Question 13

Actin

Answer 13

Major protein of thin filament

Has a binding site fore myosin allowing cross bridge with myosin to form

Question 14

Tropomyosin

Answer 14

Long, fibrous molecule, extending over actin, and preventing interaction between actin and myosin

Question 15

Troponin

Answer 15

Binds reversibly to calcium and able to move tropomyosin away from the actin active site

Question 16

Nebulin

Answer 16

Holds F-actin strands together

Question 17

Sarcomere

Answer 17

Functional and structural unit of the muscle

Repeated pattern of myofilament

Question 18

Thick filaments

Answer 18

Myosin

Question 19

thin filaments

Answer 19

Actin

Question 20

M line

Answer 20

The disc in the middle of the Sarcomere

Question 21

Z line

Answer 21

Area of attachment of the actin fibers

Question 22

Crossbridge cycling

Answer 22

Multiple religion of attach, pull release, and reset lead to fully contracted sarcomere

Question 23

Motor unit

Answer 23

Defined as the motor neuron and the skeletal muscle cell it innervates

Question 24

Fine motor movements

Answer 24

(Like typing) rely on motor u it’s with relatively few fibers in contrast to those in the leg muscles, for example

Question 25

Latent phase

Answer 25

This is the period of time from the action potential to the onset of contraction. The time delay is due to the excitation-contraction coupling.

Question 26

Contraction phase

Answer 26

This is the time that tension is developing due to the cross-bridge cycling

Question 27

Relaxation phase

Answer 27

This is the time that the tension is decreasing ( I.e., relaxing) and is lounger than the contraction phase. This is due to the amount of time it takes to get all the Ca2+ sequestered

Question 28

Tension depends on

Answer 28

Frequency of action potential stimulation Number of motor units recruited Degree of muscle stretch

Question 29

Isometric

Answer 29

Muscle contraction without movement No muscle shortening

Question 30

Isotonic

Answer 30

Muscle contraction with movement Muscle shortens

Question 31

Myoglobin

Answer 31

An oxygen binding protein found in muscle cells