Chapter Two Flashcards
(42 cards)
1
Q
Matter
A
Anything that has mass and takes up space
2
Q
Element
A
Pure substance; cannot be broken down any further
3
Q
Compound
A
Chemical combination of two or more substances
4
Q
Of the 92 elements know to exist in nature, how many are found in the human body?
A
24 elements are found in the human body
5
Q
O
A
Oxygen
6
Q
C
A
Carbon
7
Q
H
A
Hydrogen
8
Q
N
A
Nitrogen
9
Q
Ca
A
Calcium
10
Q
P
A
Phosphorus
11
Q
S
A
Sulfur
12
Q
K
A
Potassium
13
Q
Na
A
Sodium
14
Q
Cl
A
Chlorine
15
Q
Mg
A
Magnesium
16
Q
Fe
A
Iron
17
Q
Co
A
Cobalt
18
Q
Cu
A
Copper
19
Q
F
A
Flourine
20
Q
I
A
Iodine
21
Q
Mn
A
Manganese
22
Q
Zn
A
Zinc
23
Q
Atoms
A
Made up of three parts:
-Proton
-Electron
-Neutron
24
Q
Atomic Number
A
Number of protons in the nucleus determine the atomic number
25
Atomic Weight
The number of protons and neutrons added together
26
Proton
Has postive charge
27
Neutron
Has no charge - neurtral
28
Electron
Has negative charge
29
Neucleus
The center where the protons and neutrons are
30
T or F:
The number of electrons is always the same as the number of protons
True
31
Isotope
When an atom contains a different number of neutrons
32
Valence Electrons
Most atoms are not stable, and they are drawn to other atoms as they attempt to share, gain, or lose the electrons in the outer shells
33
Molecule
A particle composed of two or more atoms united by a chemical bond
34
Chemical Bond
Three types:
-Ionic Bonds
-Covalent Bonds
-Hydrogen Bonds
35
Ionic Bonds
These are formed when one atom transfers an electron from its outer shell to another atom. Because electrons are positively or negatively charged, when an atom gains or loses an electron, its overall charge changes from neutral to either positive or negative
36
Ions
Electrically charged Ions
37
Cations
Ions with positive charge
38
Anions
Ions with negative charge
39
40
41
Electrolytes
42
