Chemistry

Question 1

What is an element?

Answer 1

A substance containing only one type of atom.

Question 2

What is an atom?

Answer 2

Smallest particles to ever exist.

Question 3

What is a compound?

Answer 3

Two or more different elements, chemically joined together.

Question 4

What is a mixture?

Answer 4

Two or more different substances that are not chemically combined and can be separated physically.

Question 5

What does the atomic number show?

Answer 5

Number of protons + Number of electrons

Question 6

What does the atomic mass show?

Answer 6

Number of protons + Number of neutrons

Question 7

How many electrons can one shell hold?

Answer 7

2 in the first layer, 8 in the rest

Question 8

What are diatomic elements?

Answer 8

Elements that exist in pairs, like Halogens.

Question 9

Who made the periodic table of elements?

Answer 9

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 10

What is an electronic structure? Give an example.

Answer 10

Shows the amount of electrons each atom has in its shell or shells. Chlorine = 2.8.7 (2 electrons in the first shell, 8 in the second, 7 in the last)

Question 11

What is a relative atomic mass?

Answer 11

Average mass of atoms of an element.

Question 12

What is the relative formula mass?

Answer 12

Sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms in the numbers.

Question 13

Properties of non metals?

Answer 13

Dull, brittle, poor conductors of heat & electricity, low density, low melting point

Question 14

Properties of metals?

Answer 14

Malleable (flexible), shiny, conductor of heat & electricity, high melting point, high density

Question 15

What is an ion?

Answer 15

Atoms that have lost or gained electrons to make their outer shell equal.

Question 16

How are ions different in a diagram?

Answer 16

Surrounded by square brackets e.g [Li]

Question 17

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 17

When metal bonds to a non metal (transfer of electrons)

Question 18

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 18

Two or more non metals bonding to a non metal (sharing of electrons)

Question 19

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 19

When metal bonds to a metals.

Question 20

What happens when you’re forming ions with metals?

Answer 20

Form positive ions

Question 21

What happens when you’re forming ions with non metals?

Answer 21

Either form negative ions or they don’t form any ions.

Question 22

Do noble gases have a full outer shell?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Are noble gases reactive?

Answer 23

No, because they are balanced.

Question 24

What group are noble gases in?

Answer 24

0

Question 25

Boiling and Melting points and density decrease as you go down group 0 (noble gases)?

Answer 25

False! They increase in melting, boiling point and density.

Question 26

Examples of noble gases?

Answer 26

Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton and Xenon

Question 27

What does group number show us?

Answer 27

How many electrons in the outer shell

Question 28

What does period number show us?

Answer 28

How many electron-containing shells the element has

Question 29

Why are alkali metals given their name?

Answer 29

Because they form an alkaline solution when reacted with water

Question 30

What is aqueous?

Answer 30

When a substance dissolves in water, it becomes an aqueous solution.

Question 31

Brief description of: solvent, solution and solute.

Answer 31

A solute is a substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution

Question 32

What group is alkali metals in?

Answer 32

Group 1

Question 33

What are Halogens?

Answer 33

Halogens are chemical elements that form a salt when reacted with water. They are also diatomic

Question 34

What group is Halogens in?

Answer 34

7

Question 35

Examples of Halogens?

Answer 35

Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine

Question 36

Properties of Halogens?

Answer 36

1)Reactive 2)Melt and Boil points increase down the group 3)High electronegativity (measure of an atom's ability to attracted shared electrons to itself) 4) Oxidation decreases down the group

Question 37

How do you know if a compound ends in an -ide?

Answer 37

If it has 2 different types of atoms.

Question 38

How do you know if a compound ends in a -ate?

Answer 38

If it has 3 or more different types of atoms and one is oxygen.

Question 39

What is transition elements?

Answer 39

Group of elements known for their colourful compounds and ability to form multiple oxidation states.

Question 40

What group is transition elements in?

Answer 40

Groups 3-12

Question 41

Properties of some transition elements?

Answer 41

Cobalt - hard,brittle, slow to react, high melt & boil point Nickel - hard & malleable, not react with water, magnetic at room temp Iron - conductor of heat and electricity, high density, melt and boil points.

Question 42

Chemical properties include?

Answer 42

Reactivity, Solubility, Toxicity, Reactivity, Flammability and Heat of Combustion

Question 43

Examples of transition elements?

Answer 43

Cobalt, Nickel, Chromium, Manganese, Copper and Iron

Question 44

What is simple molecular substances?

Answer 44

Substances that are made up of molecules that are held together by strong covalent bonds, but weak intermolecular forces.

Question 45

What are nanoparticles?

Answer 45

Small particles that is between 1 to 100 nanometres in size.

Question 46

What is an allotrope?

Answer 46

compounds made up of the same atoms but in a different structure.

Question 47

Examples of allotropes? * brief description and their uses*

Answer 47

Diamond 1) Made from only carbon atoms 2)Each carbon atom covalently bonds to 4 carb atoms 3) No free electrons, cant conduct electricity Uses: 1) cutting tools 2) glass cutters 3) oil rig drills 4) jewellery Graphene: 1) Single layer of graphite 2) Delocalised electrons Uses: 1) Electronics

Question 48

Reactivity Series acronym?

Answer 48

Playing So Cool Makes A Character Zoom Into Higher Courts, Success Goals Proudly

Question 49

Reactivity series in order?

Answer 49

Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Carbon, Zinc, Iron, Hydrogen, Copper, Silver, Gold, Platinum