Physics Flashcards by Miguel C

List all the energy stores

Kinetic, elastic, gravitational, thermal, and nuclear

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List all the ways energy can be transferred

Mechanical, electrical, heating and radiation

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Define energy

Power required for physical or mental activity.

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What is a closed system?

A system in which no substances can enter or leave during a reaction.

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What is an open system?

A system in which substances can enter or leave during a reaction.

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What is the quantitative of energy?

Joules (J)

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What is Dissipation?

Process of energy being lost from a system, most likely in the form of heat

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Formula for Kinetic Potential Energy?KPE

KPE(J) = 0.5 x Mass (kg) x Movement/Speed *2

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Formula for Gravitational Potential Energy?

GPE(J) = Mass(kg) x Grav Field Strength(N/kg) x Pressure/Height(m)

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What is work done?

Energy transferred

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How to measure power?

Energy/ Time

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How to measure efficiency?

(useful energy out/ total energy in) x 100

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How to measure heat transferred?

Specific heat capacity(SHC) x mass x change in temp

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Formula for Elastic potential energy?

Ee(EPE) = 0.5 x spring constant (N/m) x extension(m) *2

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Difference between temperature and heat?

-Temperature measures heat
-Heat is the thermal energy contained in an object

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True or False: Insulators have a low SHC (Specific heat capacity)

False, they have a high SHC.

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True or False:
Conductors have a low SHC (Specific heat capacity)

True

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What is the independent variable?

What we change or control during the experiment

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What is the dependent variable?

The variable being tested or measured during the experiment

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What is the control variable?

The variable that stays the same/ does not change.

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What is resistance measured in?

Ohms

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What is the potential difference (voltage)?

Measure of energy

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How to work out resistance?

Study These Flashcards

Resistance = potential difference/ current

How to measure potential difference?

Study These Flashcards

V = W/Q

W= energy measured in joules(J)
Q = charge measured in couloumbs
V = voltage (potential diff)

What is radioactivity?

the breaking down (decaying) of a nucleus in an atom

What is half life?

how long it takes for half of the atoms to be stable

What is a beta particle?

an electron emitted from the nucleus

What is an alpha particle?

particles made out of two protons and two neutrons bound together

Definition of a stable atom

equal number of protons and electrons

What makes an unstable atom?

isotope - too many neutrons ion- lose/gain an electron/s

Alpha particle symbol?

4 He 2

Beta particle symbol?

0 B -1

Is radioactivity random?

Yes, we don't know when decay is going to happen

What is specific latent heat of fusion?

change of state from solid to liquid

What is specific latent heat of vaporisation?

change of state from liquid to gas

What is specific heat capacity?

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree

What is specific latent heat?

like the SHC but there is no change in temperature. SLC changes states without temperature

What is the internal energy of a body?

sum of the random distributions of kinetic and potential energies of all the molecules in the body

What is density?

the mass per unit volume of a material

Word equation for density?

mass / volume

Solid features?

compact, cant move, regular pattern, vibrate on the spot. not much energy and dense

Liquid features?

not compact, can move, random arrangement. some energy, not really densely compacted.

Gas features?

not compact, freely move, random arrangement, move quickly in all directions. lots of energy, not densely compacted

What is an insulator?

a material in which electric current does not flow freely

What is a conductor?

an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge in one or more directions.

What is the National grid?

system of cables and transformers linking power stations to consumers

Where does electricity come from?

non renewable & renewable energy sources

How is energy lost in wires?

-dissipation -makes contact with something

What does a transformer do?

-improve efficiency -decreases energy loss

What are the two types of transformers?

Step down (decrease voltage) & Step up (increase voltage)

Transformers definition

they increase the voltage instead of increasing the current, reduces power loss so it is more efficient

Three colours of a three-core electrical cable?

brown, blue, stripe coloured

What is the electricity from the national grid to our homes called?

Mains supply

Why are wires coated with plastic materials?

So it does not burn.

What does the brown wire do?

carrying electricity to the appliance

What does the blue wire do?

transfers electricity away from the appliance to avoid overloading

What does the stripe coloured wire do?

provides a path for current to flow from the case of the device to the ground if there is a fault

Physics Flashcards

(57 cards)