History (Elizabeth)

Question 1

What were challenges faced by Elizabeth when she became queen?

Answer 1

Legitimacy
Gender
Economy
Marriage
Mary I
No children
Religion

Question 2

What countries were threats to England?

Answer 2

France
Spain
Italy / Rome
Scotland
Netherlands

Question 3

How much money England in debt in, when Elizabeth became queen?

Answer 3

£300,000

Question 4

What countries were part of the Auld Alliance?

Answer 4

Scotland and France

Question 5

Who was Elizabeth’s cousin?

Answer 5

Mary Queen of Scots

Question 6

What is the name of the wall that divides Scotland and England?

Answer 6

Hadrian’s Wall

Question 7

Who was the king of Spain at that time?

Answer 7

King Philip II

Question 8

What were extreme Protestants called?

Answer 8

Puritans

Question 9

Did Elizabeth install an official religion for England?

Answer 9

No! She created a middle way so its fair to catholics and protestants

Question 10

What was the main religion of Scotland?

Answer 10

Catholic

Question 11

What is the act of supremacy?

Answer 11

It was an act that made the monarch ‘supreme’ leader of the Church of England

Question 12

What was the Oath of Allegiance?

Answer 12

All clergy had to swear an oath of allegiance to her supremacy and promise to obey her religious settlement

Question 13

What happened to the people who did not follow the Religious Settlement?

Answer 13

They would fined by the High Commission.

Question 14

What was the Act of Uniformity?

Answer 14

Set rules for how a church should look like, and what church members should wear/look

Question 15

What was the Book of Common Prayer?

Answer 15

The book of the Church of England

Question 16

What were Vestments? and why did Elizabeth like them?

Answer 16

They were special, decorative clothing. Elizabeth liked them because she wanted the priest to look ‘special’.

Question 17

What was the given name for the catholic nobles who did not go to church and was fined?

Answer 17

Recusants

Question 18

What was the Royal Injuctions?

Answer 18

Set of rules/ instructions told to the clergy about how to follow the religious settlement

Question 19

What were some of the rules created by the Royal Injuctions?

Answer 19

1) Clergy were ordered to teach their congregations about the religious settlement.

2) Each church was to have one copy of the Common Prayer Book in english.

3) Pilgrimages and believing in miracles was banned.

4) Elizabeth did allow a few images of Christ in the churches.

Question 20

What were visitations?

Answer 20

Inspections of churches and members of the clergy to make sure everything was fine

Question 21

What was the Crucifix Controversy? Did Elizabeth give in?

Answer 21

When Elizabeth wanted the crucifix to stay and remain in churches, however Puritans did not like any catholic influence in the church.

Yes she gave in, because she said that were was no way to enforce every church having a crucifix.

Question 22

What was the Vestment Controversy? Did Elizabeth give in?

Answer 22

When Elizabeth wanted the clergy to wear special clothing called ‘vestments’, however Puritans challenged Elizabeth by saying that they should dress like ordinary people and it was only God that was above the rest.

No! She didn’t give in and ordered the clergy to wear vestments.

Question 23

What was the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 23

Earl of Westmoreland and Earl of Northumberland gathered forces and charged the city of Durham with 4,500 men. A catholic mass was celebrated - illegal in England and Wales at the time.

However most of the rebels retreated as soon as they heard that the Earl of Sussex and several thousand troops were marching north. Prisoners were severely punished with over 800 rebels being executed in a warning to other potential rebels.

Westmoreland managed to evade but Northumberland was captured and executed.

Question 24

What was the counter reformation?

Answer 24

An attempt to restore Catholicism to England by trying to convert protestants into catholic. This was supported by the Pope.

Question 25

What was the Spanish Armada?

Answer 25

King Philip II's attempt to take over England forever by sending 300 ships to invade England but failed.

Question 26

Why was Mary, Queen of Scots a threat to Elizabeth?

Answer 26

Legitimacy Catholic support French links

Question 27

What was the Papal Bull?

Answer 27

When the Pope disrupted peace between Elizabeth and her catholic subjects when he issued an official announcement, the Papal Bull. The Pope officially excommunicated Elizabeth from the church and he called all catholics to remove Elizabeth in power.

Question 28

Why did Mary Q of S flee Scotland?

Answer 28

1) The Scottish believed that Mary killed her husband (Lord Darnley/Henry Stuart) 2) Belief that Elizabeth would support and help her

Question 29

Who was Elizabeth's protestant advisor?

Answer 29

William Cecil

Question 30

What were the three main plots to remove Elizabeth from power? and when?

Answer 30

1) Ridolfi Plot (1571) 2) Throckmorton Plot (1583) 3) Babington Plot (1586)

Answer 31

A plot by Robert Ridolfi (an Italian banker and spy) to overthrow Elizabeth with Spanish support, MQS to marry Norfolk and for catholicism to return to England officially. William Cecil intercepted the letters and told Elizabeth. Norfolk was executed for treason, while Ridolfi escaped execution. Refused to execute Mary, catholics were still a threat, tougher laws monitoring catholics.

Question 32

What was the Throckmorton Plot? Who discovered it? What happened to the plotters? Outcome?

Answer 32

A plot by Francis Throckmorton, an English catholic. The aim was to free MQS from imprisonment, make her Queen of England (by Spanish invasion) and restore catholicism. Francis Walsingham (spymaster) found the letters in Throckmorton's house. Throckmorton was tortured and executed for information. 1) Proved catholic hatred towards Elizabeth. 2) Threat of France, not just Spain. 3) Persecution of catholics to serve as a warning for any potential plot and plotters.

Question 33

What was the Babington Plot? Who discovered it? What happened to the plotters? Outcome?

Answer 33

A plot by Antony Babington, a catholic nobleman. The objective was to assassinate Elizabeth, free MQS, initiate a spanish invasion then restore catholicism. Francis Walsingham found out by looking at the letters sent to MQS. Babington was executed. Elizabeth signing Mary's death warrant because of her involvement of the plot. Mary was executed and killed.

Question 34

What were Francis Walsingham's methods of spy?

Answer 34

1) Ordinary people as spies 2) Communicated using ciphers (secret written messages) 3) Bribe people for information 4) Brutality and violence for information 5) Range of spies in many foreign countries. 6) Network of connections internationally.

Question 35

Who was Sir Francis Drake? What was he known for?

Answer 35

Famous english explorer, privateer and admiral during the Elizabethan Era. 1) His circumnavigation of the globe 2) Privateering against Spanish ships and colonies in America. 3) Defeating the Spanish Armada. 4) Legacy and accomplishments.

Question 36

What was the name of the place that England and Spain were trying to control? that had many riches?

Answer 36

The New World (modern-day Americas)

Question 37

What was the Treaty of Nonsuch?

Answer 37

Treaty that promised to help protestants in the Netherlands.

Question 38

What was the Treaty of Berwick?

Answer 38

Treaty that made Scotland and England officially allies with each-other in 1586.

Question 39

What was the name of the port that Drake raided, considered one of Spain's most important ports?

Answer 39

Cadiz

Question 40

What was the Treaty of Joinville?

Answer 40

Secret pact between Spain and the Catholic League of France.

Question 41

What is social mobility?

Answer 41

To be able to move up or down in terms of social status.