China + hukou barrier

Question 1

Migration pattern

Answer 1

Around 51% Chinese live in urban area, up from about 20% in 1980

Question 2

Barrier - hukou system

Answer 2

Restriction on migration designed to keep people in rural areas

Those with rural hukou have less entitlements e.g. school and healthcare in urban areas

Creates transport pressure as many people have to commute from rural areas as they cannot live there