Chp 13- Visions of Canada Flashcards
(30 cards)
What does Chapter 13 explore? Different visions of Canada based on geography
pluralism
How has geography shaped Canadian identity? Vast wilderness
cold climate
What is the “One Canada” vision? Belief in a united Canadian identity from coast to coast despite regional and cultural differences.
What is pluralism and multiculturalism in Canada? The idea that diversity is Canada’s identity; citizens maintain their cultures and languages.
What does “bilingual within a multicultural context” mean? Canada officially supports English and French
while recognizing multiculturalism.
What are communities and nations within Canada? Collectives like Quebecois and First Nations that form unique nations within Canada.
What did PM Stephen Harper declare in 2006? That the Quebecois form a nation within a united Canada.
What was the purpose of merging Upper and Lower Canada in 1841? To form the Province of Canada with equal political representation from both regions.
Who were key leaders demanding responsible government? Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine (Canada West) and Robert Baldwin (Canada East).
When did Canada gain responsible government? In 1848
allowing the government to answer to Canadians instead of Britain.
What happened on July 1
1867? Canada was granted independence through Confederation
Which provinces joined Canada in 1867? Ontario
Quebec
What was Canada’s first constitution called? The British North America Act (BNA Act).
Who was Canada’s first Prime Minister? Sir John A. Macdonald.
Why was the Canadian Pacific Railway built? To unite Canada from coast to coast and fulfill Macdonald’s vision of a national identity.
What were the consequences of building the railway? Treaties were signed to acquire land from Indigenous peoples for the railway.
Why did Canada promote immigration in the late 1800s? To populate the west and support farming and settlement.
Who were early immigrants to Canada? Originally British and American
later expanded to Eastern Europeans (Poles
How much did Canada’s immigrant population grow from 1911 to 1921? From 1.3 million to 2 million people.
Who was Henri Bourassa? A French-Canadian MP who defended Quebec’s right to maintain French culture and language.
What was the Quiet Revolution? A 1950s–60s movement where Quebec asserted control to protect French language and identity.
What did the Parti Québécois promote? Quebec independence and protection of French culture; founded by René Lévesque in 1968.
What was the Official Languages Act of 1969? A law to establish bilingualism in Canada to support French language and culture.
Why did Canada sign treaties with Indigenous peoples? To acquire land for railway construction and western settlement.
