Chronic Pain Flashcards

Question

Vulvodynia:

Answer 1

Chronic pain or discomfort around the opening of the vagina (vulva) without an identifiable cause Burning, stinging, irritation, or rawness, often aggravated by touch or pressure (e.g., during intercourse, tampon use)

Answer 2

Conditions affecting the jaw muscles, temporomandibular joints, and nerves Jaw pain, difficulty chewing, headaches, and clicking or locking of the jaw

Answer 3

A complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest Fatigue, muscle pain, cognitive issues, unrefreshing sleep, and post-exertional malaise (worsening of symptoms after activity)

Answer 4

A common disorder affecting the large intestine, characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits Abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, constipation, or a mix of both

Answer 5

Chronic bladder pressure and pain, often without infection Pelvic pain, urinary urgency and frequency, discomfort with bladder filling

Answer 6

A disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, often accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory, and mood issues Chronic pain, tenderness, cognitive dysfunction ("fibro fog"), and sleep disturbances

Answer 7

condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain Pelvic pain, painful menstruation, pain during intercourse, and infertility

Answer 8

common type of headache characterized by a dull, aching head pain, often related to muscle tension Bilateral, mild to moderate pain that feels like pressure or tightness around the head

Answer 9

Migraine headaches that occur 15 or more days per month, lasting for at least 4 hours per day Throbbing or pulsating pain, often on one side of the head, sensitivity to light and sound, nausea, and sometimes aura (visual disturbances)

Answer 10

Persistent pain and discomfort in the lower back lasting longer than 3 months Dull, aching pain in the lower back, radiating pain down the legs (sciatica), stiffness, and difficulty with mobility

Answer 11

Worsening of symptoms following minor physical or mental exertion that would have been tolerated previously Symptoms typically worsen 12 to 48 hours after activity *can last for days or week First described in ME/CFS Linked to Long COVID & FM

Answer 12

Patients determine individual limits for mental and physical activity Use of activity and symptom diaries may help patients identify their "energy envelope" Healthcare providers need to be aware that their patients' ability to function may seriously deteriorate if they exceed their individual capacities. In general, patients should not push themselves beyond their capacities as this may exacerbate their symptoms and trigger PEM

Answer 13

happens when people with chronic conditions, such as ME/CFS or fibromyalgia, overexert themselves on "good" days (the boom) by doing more than they can handle, leading to a bust—a period of severe symptoms and exhaustion (PEM) After the bust, they may need extended rest, and once they feel slightly better, they may "boom" again, repeating the cycle

Answer 14

Pacing is the key to breaking this cycle. By learning to listen to the body, set realistic limits, and gradually increase activity within a manageable range, a person can avoid the extremes of "boom" and "bust." The focus is on maintaining a consistent level of energy expenditure and reducing symptom flare-ups.

Answer 15

Plan activities: Break tasks into smaller steps and spread them out over time. Set limits: Stop activities before reaching the point of fatigue, even if you feel capable of doing more. Rest: Schedule regular rest periods, even when not feeling tired, to avoid overexertion. Track energy: Keep a diary to monitor activity levels and symptom patterns to identify limits.

Answer 16

trigger points (TrP) Reproduction of painful symptoms is the diagnostic criterion differentiating between the two

Answer 17

any point that causes tenderness and referred pain on palpation. Palpation may also cause autonomic symptoms such as skin redness, sweating, and dizziness

Answer 18

does not evoke pain spontaneously, and local or referred pain occurs only with strong digital pressure. They may change muscle activation patterns or cause muscle weakness in pain-free patient

Answer 19

Definition varies Reported lifetime incidence of 85% 77.7% of asymptomatic individuals have Latent TrP in LEs Intervention directed at trigger points

Answer 20

Go to bed and get up at the same Keep your bedroom quiet, relaxing, and at a cool temperature Turn off electronic devices 30 minutes before bedtime Avoid large meals and alcohol Avoid caffeine in the afternoon or evening Exercise regularly and maintain a healthy diet

Answer 21

* Go to bed * Wake up during the night * Wake up in the morning * Take naps * Exercise * Drink alcohol or caffeinated drinks * Take medications

Answer 22

Make it about the patient’s goals Make it optional *It’s not a requirement, just a thought Make it conditional *Only committing to one visit *Being clear length of treatment and level of commitment is up to them Don’t make promises

Answer 23

1) laterality training 2) imagery 3) mirror box therapy

Answer 24

This involves identifying images of the affected body part as being either left or right This step helps improve the brain's ability to recognize the limb's position and distinguish between left and right It stimulates the brain areas responsible for movement without actually moving the body

Answer 25

The patient visualizes themselves moving the affected body part without actually performing the movement The goal is to activate the motor networks in the brain, which improves motor planning and reduces pain perception

Answer 26

In this stage, the patient performs movements of the unaffected limb while watching its reflection in a mirror The brain perceives the reflection as the affected limb moving, which can help reduce pain, improve motor control, and restore movement in the affected limb

Answer 27

Practice in each stage lasts from 1 visit up to about two weeks Progress to next stage when affected limb is performing near equal to unaffected without elevated pain Patients practice hourly (frequency of practice is critical) Return to graded activity should be included when symptoms are controlled

Answer 28

* Sit comfortably * Jewelry and clothing off both limbs * Affected limb in the box and forget about it * Move unaffected hand in various ways while looking in the mirror * Progress to replicating movements of the unaffected hand with affected hand (while still in mirror) * Vary speed, size, intensity of movements with unaffected hand, replicate with affected hand * Accuracy important, illusion must be complete, movement of the unaffected limb must be accurate

Answer 29

L/R discrimination explicit motor imagery mirror therapy

Chronic Pain Flashcards

(53 cards)