Circulation Of Blood And The Structure Of The Mamillian Circulatory System Flashcards
1
Q
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
A
To transport nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.
2
Q
True or False: The human heart has four chambers.
A
True
3
Q
What are the names of the four chambers of the heart?
A
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
4
Q
Fill in the blank: The _____ carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
A
Pulmonary artery
5
Q
What type of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?
A
Oxygenated blood
6
Q
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the body?
A
Left ventricle
7
Q
What is the purpose of the heart valves?
A
To prevent the backflow of blood.
8
Q
True or False: The right side of the heart receives oxygenated blood.
A
False
9
Q
What is the name of the largest artery in the body?
A
Aorta
10
Q
What is the role of the coronary arteries?
A
To supply blood to the heart muscle.
11
Q
Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart is responsible for initiating the heartbeat? A) Atrioventricular node B) Sinoatrial node C) Bundle of His
A
B) Sinoatrial node
12
Q
What is systole?
A
The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood.
13
Q
What is diastole?
A
The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood.
14
Q
Fill in the blank: Blood returns to the heart through the _____ veins.
A
Veins
15
Q
What is the function of red blood cells?
A
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues.
16
Q
True or False: Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
A
True
17
Q
What is the primary component of blood responsible for clotting?
A
Platelets
18
Q
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel has the thinnest walls? A) Arteries B) Veins C) Capillaries
A
C) Capillaries
19
Q
What is the term for the pressure of blood in the arteries?
A
Blood pressure
20
Q
Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
A
Pulmonary vein
21
Q
What is the role of the atrioventricular node?
A
To transmit electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles.
22
Q
True or False: The myocardium is the outer layer of the heart.
A
False
23
Q
What is the pericardium?
A
The fibrous sac surrounding the heart.
24
Q
Multiple Choice: Which component of blood regulates pH and fluid balance? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells
A
A) Plasma
25
What is the function of the vena cavae?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.
26
Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the left atrium.
Mitral
27
What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart.
28
True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the body.
False
29
What is the main function of the heart?
To pump blood throughout the body.
30
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the thick muscular layer of the heart.
Myocardium
31
What does the term 'cardiac cycle' refer to?
The sequence of events in one heartbeat.
32
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system? A) Transport nutrients B) Produce hormones C) Remove waste
B) Produce hormones
33
What is the function of capillaries?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.
34
True or False: Blood flows from the right ventricle into the left atrium.
False
35
What is the role of plasma in blood?
To transport nutrients, hormones, proteins, and waste products.
36
Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the right ventricle.
Pulmonary
37
What is the significance of the septum in the heart?
It separates the right and left sides of the heart.
38
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood? A) Veins B) Arteries C) Capillaries
B) Arteries
39
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
To return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream and to defend against infection.
40
True or False: The heart is located in the thoracic cavity.
True
41
What are the two main circuits of the circulatory system?
The systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit.
42
Fill in the blank: The _____ node regulates the heartbeat.
Sinoatrial
43
What is the main role of white blood cells?
To defend the body against infection and disease.
44
Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is part of the heart's conduction system? A) Aorta B) Sinoatrial node C) Pulmonary vein
B) Sinoatrial node
45
What is the term for the narrowing of blood vessels?
Vasoconstriction
46
True or False: The left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle.
True
47
What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.
48
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the structure that connects the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary artery
49
What does 'heart rate' refer to?
The number of times the heart beats per minute.
50
Multiple Choice: Which blood component is primarily responsible for fighting infections? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells
C) White blood cells
51
What is the significance of the aortic valve?
It prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
52
True or False: Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
True
53
What is the function of the valves in veins?
To prevent the backflow of blood.
54
Fill in the blank: The _____ supplies blood to the right side of the heart.
Coronary artery
55
What is the role of the sinoatrial node in heart function?
It acts as the natural pacemaker of the heart.
56
Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood? A) Left atrium B) Right atrium C) Left ventricle
B) Right atrium
57
What is the purpose of the heart's conduction system?
To coordinate the contraction of the heart muscle.
58
True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the lungs.
True
59
What is the function of the tricuspid valve?
To prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
60
Fill in the blank: The _____ carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Aorta
61
What is the main purpose of pulmonary circulation?
To oxygenate blood.
62
Multiple Choice: Blood pressure is typically higher in which type of blood vessel? A) Veins B) Capillaries C) Arteries
C) Arteries
63
What is the significance of the left ventricle's thick walls?
To generate enough pressure to pump blood throughout the body.
64
True or False: The heart can function without the nervous system.
True
65
What is the primary purpose of the circulatory system?
To deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products.
66
Fill in the blank: The _____ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.
Circulatory
67
What is the role of platelets in the blood?
To assist in blood clotting.
68
Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements about arteries is true? A) They carry deoxygenated blood B) They have thicker walls than veins C) They have valves
B) They have thicker walls than veins
69
What is the term for the contraction of the heart?
Systole
70
True or False: The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
True
71
What is the primary role of the circulatory system?
To transport blood and nutrients throughout the body.
72
Fill in the blank: The _____ node is responsible for controlling the heart rate.
Sinoatrial
73
What is the purpose of the aortic arch?
To distribute blood from the heart to the systemic circulation.
74
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of blood? A) Plasma B) Hemoglobin C) Cartilage
C) Cartilage
75
What is the main function of the right atrium?
To receive deoxygenated blood from the body.
76
True or False: The heart has a double circulatory system.
True
77
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To transport nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.
78
True or False: The human heart has four chambers.
True
79
What are the names of the four chambers of the heart?
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
80
Fill in the blank: The _____ carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Pulmonary artery
81
What type of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?
Oxygenated blood
82
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the body?
Left ventricle
83
What is the purpose of the heart valves?
To prevent the backflow of blood.
84
True or False: The right side of the heart receives oxygenated blood.
False
85
What is the name of the largest artery in the body?
Aorta
86
What is the role of the coronary arteries?
To supply blood to the heart muscle.
87
Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart is responsible for initiating the heartbeat? A) Atrioventricular node B) Sinoatrial node C) Bundle of His
B) Sinoatrial node
88
What is systole?
The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood.
89
What is diastole?
The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood.
90
Fill in the blank: Blood returns to the heart through the _____ veins.
Veins
91
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.
92
True or False: Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
True
93
What is the primary component of blood responsible for clotting?
Platelets
94
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel has the thinnest walls? A) Arteries B) Veins C) Capillaries
C) Capillaries
95
What is the term for the pressure of blood in the arteries?
Blood pressure
96
Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Pulmonary vein
97
What is the role of the atrioventricular node?
To transmit electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles.
98
True or False: The myocardium is the outer layer of the heart.
False
99
What is the pericardium?
The fibrous sac surrounding the heart.
100
Multiple Choice: Which component of blood regulates pH and fluid balance? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells
A) Plasma
101
What is the function of the vena cavae?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.
102
Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the left atrium.
Mitral
103
What is an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
A test that measures the electrical activity of the heart.
104
True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the body.
False
105
What is the main function of the heart?
To pump blood throughout the body.
106
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the thick muscular layer of the heart.
Myocardium
107
What does the term 'cardiac cycle' refer to?
The sequence of events in one heartbeat.
108
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system? A) Transport nutrients B) Produce hormones C) Remove waste
B) Produce hormones
109
What is the function of capillaries?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.
110
True or False: Blood flows from the right ventricle into the left atrium.
False
111
What is the role of plasma in blood?
To transport nutrients, hormones, proteins, and waste products.
112
Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the right ventricle.
Pulmonary
113
What is the significance of the septum in the heart?
It separates the right and left sides of the heart.
114
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood? A) Veins B) Arteries C) Capillaries
B) Arteries
115
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
To return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream and to defend against infection.
116
True or False: The heart is located in the thoracic cavity.
True
117
What are the two main circuits of the circulatory system?
The systemic circuit and the pulmonary circuit.
118
Fill in the blank: The _____ node regulates the heartbeat.
Sinoatrial
119
What is the main role of white blood cells?
To defend the body against infection and disease.
120
Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is part of the heart's conduction system? A) Aorta B) Sinoatrial node C) Pulmonary vein
B) Sinoatrial node
121
What is the term for the narrowing of blood vessels?
Vasoconstriction
122
True or False: The left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle.
True
123
What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.
124
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the structure that connects the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary artery
125
What does 'heart rate' refer to?
The number of times the heart beats per minute.
126
Multiple Choice: Which blood component is primarily responsible for fighting infections? A) Plasma B) Red blood cells C) White blood cells
C) White blood cells
127
What is the significance of the aortic valve?
It prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
128
True or False: Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
True
129
What is the function of the valves in veins?
To prevent the backflow of blood.
130
Fill in the blank: The _____ supplies blood to the right side of the heart.
Coronary artery
131
What is the role of the sinoatrial node in heart function?
It acts as the natural pacemaker of the heart.
132
Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood? A) Left atrium B) Right atrium C) Left ventricle
B) Right atrium
133
What is the purpose of the heart's conduction system?
To coordinate the contraction of the heart muscle.
134
True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the lungs.
True
135
What is the function of the tricuspid valve?
To prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
136
Fill in the blank: The _____ carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Aorta
137
What is the main purpose of pulmonary circulation?
To oxygenate blood.
138
Multiple Choice: Blood pressure is typically higher in which type of blood vessel? A) Veins B) Capillaries C) Arteries
C) Arteries
139
What is the significance of the left ventricle's thick walls?
To generate enough pressure to pump blood throughout the body.
140
True or False: The heart can function without the nervous system.
True
141
What is the primary purpose of the circulatory system?
To deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products.
142
Fill in the blank: The _____ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.
Circulatory
143
What is the role of platelets in the blood?
To assist in blood clotting.
144
Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements about arteries is true? A) They carry deoxygenated blood B) They have thicker walls than veins C) They have valves
B) They have thicker walls than veins
145
What is the term for the contraction of the heart?
Systole
146
True or False: The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
True
147
What is the primary role of the circulatory system?
To transport blood and nutrients throughout the body.
148
Fill in the blank: The _____ node is responsible for controlling the heart rate.
Sinoatrial
149
What is the purpose of the aortic arch?
To distribute blood from the heart to the systemic circulation.
150
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of blood? A) Plasma B) Hemoglobin C) Cartilage
C) Cartilage
151
What is the main function of the right atrium?
To receive deoxygenated blood from the body.
152
True or False: The heart has a double circulatory system.
True
