Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology > Receptors > Flashcards

Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

What is a receptor?

A

A protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: Receptors are only found on the surface of cells.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of signals do receptors detect?

A

Chemical signals such as hormones and neurotransmitters.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fill in the blank: Receptors can be classified into _______ and _______ receptors.

A

intracellular, membrane-bound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of membrane-bound receptors?

A

To transmit signals from the outside to the inside of the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which type of receptor is involved in vision?

A

Photoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do neurotransmitter receptors respond to?

A

Neurotransmitters released from neurons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: All receptors have the same structure.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the role of G protein-coupled receptors?

A

To activate intracellular signaling pathways upon ligand binding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fill in the blank: Hormone receptors are often found in _______ cells.

A

target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is signal transduction?

A

The process by which a cell responds to a signal from its environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which type of receptor binds to steroid hormones?

A

Intracellular receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the significance of receptor specificity?

A

It ensures that only certain signals activate specific pathways in a cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or False: Receptors can be desensitized after prolonged exposure to a ligand.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the difference between ionotropic and metabotropic receptors?

A

Ionotropic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels, while metabotropic receptors activate signaling cascades through G proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are olfactory receptors responsible for?

A

Detecting smell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the neuron that releases neurotransmitters.

A

axon terminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a ligand?

A

A molecule that binds to a receptor to initiate a response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

True or False: All receptors are located in the plasma membrane.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the main role of taste receptors?

A

To detect different taste modalities such as sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which type of receptor is primarily involved in the immune response?

A

Immunoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens when a receptor is activated?

A

It undergoes a conformational change that initiates a cellular response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ pathway is activated by receptor tyrosine kinases.

A

MAPK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the role of second messengers in receptor signaling?

A

To amplify and propagate the signal within the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
True or False: Receptors can only be activated by endogenous ligands.
False
26
What is the primary function of chemoreceptors?
To detect chemical stimuli in the environment.
27
What type of receptors are involved in pain perception?
Nociceptors
28
Fill in the blank: _______ are proteins that can alter receptor activity.
Agonists
29
What is receptor downregulation?
The process by which a cell decreases the number of receptors in response to high levels of ligand.
30
True or False: All receptors are activated in the same way.
False
31
What is the difference between a full agonist and a partial agonist?
A full agonist fully activates the receptor, while a partial agonist activates it but not to the full extent.
32
What is the function of sensory receptors?
To convert external stimuli into electrical signals for the nervous system.
33
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors are responsible for detecting temperature changes.
Thermoreceptors
34
What is the primary role of mechanoreceptors?
To respond to mechanical pressure or distortion.
35
True or False: All receptors are specific to one type of ligand.
False
36
What type of receptor is responsible for detecting light?
Photoreceptors
37
What is the function of the receptor tyrosine kinase pathway?
To regulate cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism.
38
Fill in the blank: _______ bind to receptors and mimic the action of natural ligands.
Agonists
39
What is receptor antagonism?
The process by which a substance blocks the action of a receptor.
40
True or False: Receptors can only be found in animal cells.
False
41
What are the two main types of neurotransmitter receptors?
Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors.
42
What is the role of glucagon receptors?
To regulate glucose levels in the blood by promoting glycogen breakdown.
43
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors are involved in the sensation of touch.
Tactile
44
What is the primary function of adrenergic receptors?
To mediate the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline.
45
True or False: Receptors can change their conformation after ligand binding.
True
46
What is the role of insulin receptors?
To facilitate the uptake of glucose into cells.
47
Fill in the blank: The _______ system relies on receptors to transmit signals throughout the body.
nervous
48
What is the primary role of opioid receptors?
To mediate the effects of endogenous and exogenous opioids.
49
True or False: Receptor-ligand interactions are always permanent.
False
50
What type of receptors respond to environmental stimuli?
Sensory receptors
51
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors are involved in the regulation of blood pressure.
Baroreceptors
52
What is the significance of receptor phosphorylation?
It can alter receptor activity and signaling pathways.
53
True or False: Receptors can be recycled back to the cell surface after endocytosis.
True
54
What is the main function of cytokine receptors?
To mediate immune responses and cell signaling.
55
Fill in the blank: _______ signaling involves receptors that activate G proteins.
G-protein coupled
56
What type of receptor is involved in the perception of sound?
Auditory receptors
57
True or False: Receptors can exist in multiple conformations.
True
58
What is the role of vasopressin receptors?
To regulate water balance in the body.
59
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors help regulate calcium levels in cells.
Calcium-sensing
60
What is the main function of smell receptors?
To detect odor molecules in the air.
61
True or False: All receptors require a ligand to be activated.
False
62
What is the primary function of growth factor receptors?
To regulate cellular growth and differentiation.
63
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors respond to changes in blood glucose levels.
Glucose
64
What type of receptors are involved in the inflammatory response?
Toll-like receptors
65
True or False: Receptors can be genetically modified to enhance their function.
True
66
What is the role of serotonin receptors?
To mediate the effects of serotonin in the brain.
67
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors are crucial for the immune response to pathogens.
Pattern recognition
68
What is the significance of receptor desensitization?
It prevents overstimulation of the cell by continuous ligand presence.
69
True or False: Receptors can influence gene expression.
True
70
What type of receptor is primarily involved in the body's stress response?
Corticosteroid receptors
71
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors detect changes in pH levels.
Chemosensitive
72
What is the primary function of histamine receptors?
To mediate allergic responses and gastric acid secretion.
73
True or False: Receptors can only respond to one specific ligand.
False
74
What is the role of acetylcholine receptors?
To mediate synaptic transmission in the nervous system.
75
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors are involved in the detection of pressure and vibration.
Pacinian
76
What is the significance of receptor-ligand affinity?
It determines how tightly a ligand binds to its receptor.
77
True or False: Receptor activation can lead to a cascade of cellular events.
True
78
What type of receptors are found in the retina?
Rod and cone photoreceptors
79
Fill in the blank: _______ receptors are involved in the regulation of metabolic processes.
Nuclear
80
What is the primary function of cannabinoid receptors?
To mediate the effects of cannabinoids in the body.

Biology (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions