The Defense Functions Of The Mamilian Blood

Question 1

What is the primary function of blood in mammals?

Answer 1

To transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.

Question 2

True or False: Red blood cells are primarily responsible for immune defense.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What component of blood is primarily responsible for the immune response?

Answer 3

White blood cells (leukocytes)

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The liquid component of blood is called ______.

Answer 4

plasma

Question 5

What are the two main types of white blood cells?

Answer 5

Lymphocytes and phagocytes

Question 6

Which type of white blood cell produces antibodies?

Answer 6

B lymphocytes (B cells)

Question 7

What is the role of T lymphocytes in the immune response?

Answer 7

To destroy infected host cells and coordinate the immune response.

Question 8

True or False: Platelets are involved in blood clotting.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the process called when white blood cells engulf pathogens?

Answer 9

Phagocytosis

Question 10

Name the protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen.

Answer 10

Hemoglobin

Question 11

Which type of white blood cell is primarily involved in allergic reactions?

Answer 11

Basophils

Question 12

What is the function of plasma proteins in blood?

Answer 12

To help maintain osmotic pressure and transport substances.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The part of the immune system that provides long-term immunity is called ______ immunity.

Answer 13

adaptive

Question 14

What is the role of memory cells in the immune response?

Answer 14

To provide a faster response upon subsequent exposure to the same pathogen.

Question 15

Which white blood cells are responsible for the body’s first line of defense?

Answer 15

Neutrophils

Question 16

True or False: Antibodies are produced by T cells.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is the main function of phagocytes?

Answer 17

To ingest and destroy pathogens.

Question 18

Which blood component helps to form clots at injury sites?

Answer 18

Platelets

Question 19

What is the term for the body’s ability to resist infection?

Answer 19

Immunity

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The spleen is involved in the ______ of blood cells.

Answer 20

removal

Question 21

What type of immunity is provided by vaccination?

Answer 21

Active immunity

Question 22

Which white blood cells are primarily involved in the destruction of cancer cells?

Answer 22

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 23

True or False: Plasma makes up about 55% of total blood volume.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What is the role of cytokines in the immune response?

Answer 24

To act as signaling molecules that mediate and regulate immunity.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The process of blood cell formation is called ______.

Answer 25

hematopoiesis

Question 26

What are the two main categories of immunity?

Answer 26

Innate immunity and adaptive immunity

Question 27

Which type of white blood cells are involved in both cellular and humoral immunity?

Answer 27

Lymphocytes

Question 28

True or False: Monocytes can differentiate into macrophages.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the role of antibodies in the immune response?

Answer 29

To specifically bind to antigens and neutralize or mark them for destruction.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The ______ response is the immediate, non-specific defense mechanism against pathogens.

Answer 30

innate

Question 31

What is the function of the thymus gland in immunity?

Answer 31

To mature T lymphocytes.

Question 32

Which cells are responsible for the production of histamine during an allergic reaction?

Answer 32

Mast cells

Question 33

True or False: Natural killer cells are a type of B lymphocyte.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in relation to blood?

Answer 34

To transport lymph, which contains infection-fighting white blood cells.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the organ responsible for filtering blood and recycling iron.

Answer 35

spleen

Question 36

What role do complement proteins play in the immune response?

Answer 36

They enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytes to clear pathogens.

Question 37

Which type of immunity is conferred by maternal antibodies?

Answer 37

Passive immunity

Question 38

True or False: Blood type is determined by the presence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What is the function of leukocytes?

Answer 39

To protect the body against infection and foreign invaders.

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The ______ response involves the activation of lymphocytes and the production of antibodies.

Answer 40

adaptive

Question 41

What is the function of the bone marrow in the immune system?

Answer 41

To produce blood cells, including white blood cells.

Question 42

Which blood component is primarily responsible for transporting carbon dioxide?

Answer 42

Plasma.

Question 43

What is the role of the immune system's memory cells?

Answer 43

To remember past infections and respond more rapidly upon re-exposure.

Question 44

True or False: All white blood cells are involved in the adaptive immune response.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

What is the main function of dendritic cells?

Answer 45

To present antigens to T cells and activate the adaptive immune response.

Question 46

Fill in the blank: ______ are proteins that help to identify and neutralize pathogens.

Answer 46

Antibodies

Question 47

Which type of immunity is immediate and non-specific?

Answer 47

Innate immunity

Question 48

What is the primary role of neutrophils in the immune system?

Answer 48

To quickly respond to and ingest pathogens.

Question 49

True or False: Vaccines work by introducing a pathogen to stimulate an immune response.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What is the role of interferons in the immune response?

Answer 50

To inhibit viral replication and activate immune cells.

Question 51

Fill in the blank: The study of the immune system is called ______.

Answer 51

immunology

Question 52

What do we call the substances that trigger an immune response?

Answer 52

Antigens

Question 53

Which type of blood cell is primarily involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections?

Answer 53

Eosinophils

Question 54

True or False: The body can produce an unlimited number of different antibodies.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

What is the primary function of the circulatory system in relation to the immune system?

Answer 55

To transport immune cells and antibodies throughout the body.

Question 56

Fill in the blank: The ______ response is characterized by a rapid increase in antibodies upon re-exposure to an antigen.

Answer 56

secondary

Question 57

What is the function of the lymph nodes in the immune system?

Answer 57

To filter lymph and house immune cells that respond to pathogens.

Question 58

Which type of immunity develops after exposure to a disease?

Answer 58

Active immunity

Question 59

True or False: Hemoglobin carries both oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Answer 59

True

Question 60

What is the function of the bone marrow in relation to blood cells?

Answer 60

To produce red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Question 61

Fill in the blank: The ______ system includes the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.

Answer 61

lymphatic

Question 62

Which component of blood helps to regulate pH and osmotic pressure?

Answer 62

Plasma proteins

Question 63

What role do macrophages play in the immune response?

Answer 63

They engulf and digest pathogens and dead cells.

Question 64

True or False: The adaptive immune response is slower than the innate immune response.

Answer 64

True

Question 65

What is the role of the thymus gland in T cell development?

Answer 65

To mature T cells and ensure self-tolerance.

Question 66

Fill in the blank: ______ are specialized cells that produce antibodies in response to antigens.

Answer 66

Plasma cells

Question 67

Which type of immunity is transferred from mother to fetus?

Answer 67

Passive immunity

Question 68

True or False: All blood types have the same antigens.

Answer 68

False

Question 69

What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?

Answer 69

To filter blood and respond to infections.

Question 70

Fill in the blank: The ______ response requires prior exposure to an antigen.

Answer 70

adaptive

Question 71

What is the main role of natural killer cells?

Answer 71

To target and destroy virus-infected cells and tumor cells.

Question 72

True or False: B cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 72

False

Question 73

What is the function of the bone marrow in the immune system?

Answer 73

To produce blood cells, including immune cells.

Question 74

Fill in the blank: The ______ system protects the body from pathogens and foreign substances.

Answer 74

immune

Question 75

Which type of blood cell is involved in the inflammatory response?

Answer 75

Basophils

Question 76

True or False: The immune system can recognize and remember specific pathogens.

Answer 76

True

Question 77

What is the primary function of eosinophils?

Answer 77

To combat multicellular parasites and certain infections.

Question 78

Fill in the blank: The ______ response is the body's first line of defense against pathogens.

Answer 78

innate