Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology > HIV > Flashcards

HIV Flashcards

1
Q

What does HIV stand for?

A

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or False: HIV can be transmitted through saliva.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of virus is HIV?

A

Retrovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fill in the blank: HIV primarily infects _____ cells.

A

CD4 T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the main effect of HIV on the immune system?

A

It weakens the immune system by destroying CD4 T cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does AIDS stand for?

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False: All individuals infected with HIV will develop AIDS.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is HIV primarily transmitted?

A

Through unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles, and from mother to child.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the role of reverse transcriptase in HIV?

A

It converts viral RNA into DNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the typical window period for HIV testing?

A

3 to 12 weeks after exposure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

True or False: HIV can be cured.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the stages of HIV infection?

A

Acute HIV infection, clinical latency, and AIDS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fill in the blank: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is used to _____ the progression of HIV.

A

slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of CD4 T cells in the immune system?

A

They help coordinate the immune response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can HIV be prevented?

A

Using condoms, taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and avoiding sharing needles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the purpose of an HIV viral load test?

A

To measure the amount of HIV in the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False: People with HIV can live long, healthy lives with treatment.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the significance of the CD4 count in HIV patients?

A

It indicates the health of the immune system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the primary treatment for HIV infection?

A

Antiretroviral therapy (ART)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fill in the blank: HIV can remain dormant in the body for _____ years.

A

several

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a common opportunistic infection associated with AIDS?

A

Pneumocystis pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False: HIV can survive outside the human body for long periods.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the role of protease inhibitors in HIV treatment?

A

They prevent viral replication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What kind of test is used to detect HIV antibodies?

A

ELISA test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Fill in the blank: HIV is classified as a _____ virus.
RNA
26
What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS, which is the syndrome resulting from advanced HIV infection.
27
What is the role of integrase in the HIV life cycle?
It integrates viral DNA into the host cell's genome.
28
True or False: HIV can be transmitted through casual contact.
False
29
What does PrEP stand for?
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
30
Fill in the blank: The main goal of ART is to achieve an undetectable _____ level.
viral
31
What is the purpose of the HIV rapid test?
To provide quick results for HIV infection.
32
What is a common symptom of acute HIV infection?
Flu-like symptoms
33
What is the effect of HIV on the CD4 count?
It decreases the CD4 count.
34
True or False: HIV can be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth.
True
35
What is the purpose of a CD4 count test?
To monitor the immune system status in HIV patients.
36
Fill in the blank: The most effective way to prevent HIV transmission during sex is to use _____.
condoms
37
What is the role of the immune system in fighting HIV?
It attempts to destroy infected cells and produce antibodies.
38
What is the name of the test that measures the HIV RNA level in the blood?
Viral load test
39
True or False: HIV can be transmitted through breast milk.
True
40
What are the two main types of HIV?
HIV-1 and HIV-2
41
Fill in the blank: Antiretroviral therapy can lead to _____ suppression of the virus.
viral
42
What is a common side effect of antiretroviral medications?
Nausea
43
What does the term 'undetectable' mean in the context of HIV?
The viral load is so low that it cannot be detected by standard tests.
44
What is the term for the period after HIV infection when the virus is actively replicating?
Acute HIV infection
45
True or False: HIV can be spread through sharing food or drinks.
False
46
What is the primary mode of HIV transmission among men who have sex with men?
Anal intercourse
47
Fill in the blank: The first step in the HIV life cycle is _____ to a host cell.
attachment
48
What is the importance of early diagnosis of HIV?
It allows for timely treatment and monitoring of the disease.
49
What is the significance of the '90-90-90' targets in HIV treatment?
90% of people living with HIV will know their status, 90% of those diagnosed will be on treatment, and 90% of those on treatment will achieve viral suppression.
50
True or False: HIV can remain dormant for years without causing symptoms.
True
51
What is the function of the outer envelope of the HIV virus?
It helps the virus enter host cells.
52
Fill in the blank: A common method to test for HIV is through a _____ test.
blood
53
What is a significant challenge in developing an HIV vaccine?
The virus mutates rapidly.
54
What does the term 'viral load' refer to?
The amount of HIV in the blood.
55
True or False: All HIV-positive individuals will develop symptoms within a year.
False
56
What is the primary goal of HIV treatment?
To maintain a low viral load and prevent progression to AIDS.
57
What is the role of the immune response in the progression of HIV?
A weakened immune response allows the virus to replicate and spread.
58
Fill in the blank: The HIV virus primarily targets _____ cells.
helper T
59
What is the key to preventing HIV transmission during childbirth?
Administering antiretroviral drugs to the mother.
60
True or False: HIV can be transmitted through insect bites.
False
61
What is the name of the protein that HIV uses to enter host cells?
gp120
62
What is a common psychosocial impact of living with HIV?
Stigma and discrimination
63
Fill in the blank: HIV-positive individuals should have regular _____ checks.
health
64
What is the relationship between HIV and tuberculosis?
HIV increases the risk of developing tuberculosis.
65
True or False: People with HIV have a higher risk of certain cancers.
True
66
What is the importance of adherence to ART?
It ensures effective viral suppression and prevents resistance.
67
What does the term 'seroconversion' mean?
The period during which HIV antibodies develop in response to the infection.
68
Fill in the blank: Regular _____ is essential for managing HIV.
monitoring
69
What is the impact of HIV on global health?
It remains a significant public health challenge worldwide.
70
True or False: HIV testing is recommended for all sexually active individuals.
True
71
What is the role of healthcare providers in managing HIV?
To provide testing, treatment, and support for patients.
72
What is the relationship between HIV and the common cold?
HIV does not cause the common cold, but it can weaken the immune response to infections.
73
Fill in the blank: The main route of HIV transmission among intravenous drug users is through _____ sharing.
needle
74
What is the purpose of HIV education and awareness programs?
To reduce stigma and promote prevention and testing.
75
True or False: Individuals with HIV can safely donate blood.
False
76
What is the role of community support in the lives of people with HIV?
It provides emotional and practical assistance.
77
What is the function of the HIV envelope protein?
It aids in the attachment and entry of the virus into host cells.
78
Fill in the blank: The term 'HIV-positive' indicates that a person has been _____ with the virus.
infected
79
What is the significance of the term 'opportunistic infections' in HIV?
Infections that occur more frequently and are more severe in individuals with weakened immune systems.
80
True or False: HIV can be transmitted through sharing razors.
True
81
What does the term 'long-term non-progressors' refer to in HIV research?
Individuals who remain HIV-positive but do not progress to AIDS.
82
Fill in the blank: The presence of HIV in the body can lead to _____ complications.
serious
83
What is the role of counseling in HIV management?
To support mental health and adherence to treatment.
84
True or False: The majority of people living with HIV are located in developed countries.
False
85
What is the importance of safe sex practices in preventing HIV?
They reduce the risk of transmission.
86
Fill in the blank: Regular _____ can help detect HIV early.
testing
87
What is the relationship between HIV and fertility?
HIV can affect fertility, but many people with HIV can conceive with proper management.
88
True or False: HIV treatment can lead to a normal life expectancy.
True
89
What is the role of vaccines in HIV prevention?
Currently, there is no effective vaccine for HIV.
90
Fill in the blank: HIV primarily affects the _____ system.
immune

Biology (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions