Circulatory System Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are the main components of the circulatory system?
The heart, blood vessels, and blood.
The circulatory system is crucial for transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products.
List some functions of the circulatory system.
- Removal of waste products from body cells
- Transport of nutrients, oxygen, and water to body cells
- Circulation of blood throughout the body
- Assistance in the fight against disease via white blood cells
- Maintenance of body temperature
These functions are vital for homeostasis and overall health.
What are the four chambers of the heart?
- Left atrium
- Right atrium
- Left ventricle
- Right ventricle
The heart’s structure allows for efficient blood circulation.
What separates the right and left sides of the heart?
The septum.
The septum prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
What is the thick muscular wall of the heart called?
Myocardium.
The myocardium is responsible for the heart’s contractions.
What is the function of the pericardium?
It is a tough protective sac surrounding the heart.
The pericardium helps protect the heart from injury.
What prevents blood from flowing backward in the heart?
Heart valves.
Valves ensure unidirectional blood flow through the heart.
Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Right atrium.
Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium via the vena cava.
What is the function of the coronary arteries?
Supply oxygen and nutrients to heart muscle.
Coronary arteries are essential for the heart’s health and function.
Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Pulmonary vein.
This is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood.
What is the contraction phase of the heart called?
Systole.
This phase is crucial for pumping blood out of the heart.
What are blood vessels?
Channels that carry blood throughout the body.
Blood vessels form a closed loop that begins and ends at the heart.
What are the three types of blood vessels?
- Arteries
- Veins
- Capillaries
Each type has specific functions in the circulatory system.
What do arteries do?
Carry blood away from your heart.
Arteries primarily carry oxygen-rich blood.
What do veins do?
Carry blood back toward your heart.
Veins primarily carry deoxygenated blood.
What is the main function of capillaries?
Connect arteries and veins and allow for the exchange of oxygen and nutrients.
Capillaries are where the exchange of gases and waste occurs.
Fill in the blank: The _______ phase of the heart is called diastole.
relaxation.
Diastole is when the heart fills with blood.
What happens to waste products after they are transported back to the heart?
They are sent to the lungs and kidneys for removal.
The circulatory system plays a key role in waste management.
What is a blood disorder?
A condition that affects the composition or function of blood.
Examples include high blood pressure, leukemia, hemophilia, and deep vein thrombosis.
What is the risk factor associated with high blood pressure?
Age, obesity, lack of physical activity, and genetics.
High blood pressure can lead to serious cardiovascular issues.
What is vasodilation?
This is the expansion of vessels in response to low oxygen levels.
