Flashcards in Civics Chapter 8 Deck (13)
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Plaintiff
An individual or a group of people who bring a complaint against another party in a civil case
1
Dependent
The party who answers a complaint and defends against it in a court case
2
Prosecution
A government body that brings a charge against a defendant who is accused of breaking one of its laws
3
Precedent
A guideline to how similar cases should be decided in the future
4
Original jurisdiction
A court's authority to hear a case first
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Appeal
To ask a higher court to review a decision and determine whether justice was done
6
Appellate jurisdiction
A court's authority to hear an appeal of a decision by another court
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Courts of appeal
Courts that handle appeals from lower federal district courts
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Circuit courts
Another name for courts of appeals
9
Judicial review
The Supreme Court's power to overturn any law that it decides is in conflict with the Constitution
10
Opinion
A written statement from the court explaining the reasons for a decision
11
Judicial activism
An effort by judges to take an active role in policymaking by overturning laws relatively often
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