Class 14

Question 1

Circulating blood volume is about how much percent of the body weight?

Answer 1

7-8

Question 2

What are the two major components in blood?

Answer 2

Plasma and hematocrit 

Question 3

Plasma is about how many percent of whole blood?

Answer 3

55

Question 4

Hematocrit is about how much percent of whole blood?

Answer 4

45

Question 5

Haematocrit contains what?

Answer 5

Platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells

Question 6

For foetal hemoglobin, it is composed of \ alpha chance and \ gamma chains

Answer 6

Two, two

Question 7

Does foetal haemoglobin or adult haemoglobin have a greater affinity for oxygen?

Answer 7

Foetal haemoglobin

Question 8

 Adult haemoglobin is composed of \ alpha chains and / beta chains

Answer 8

Two, two

Question 9

How long is the average lifespan of an RBC

Answer 9

120 days

Question 10

Do red blood cells have a nucleus?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

What is plasma mostly made up of? What else is in it?

Answer 11

Mostly made of water, some proteins

Question 12

Albumins, fibrogens, globulins and coagulation factors are what?

Answer 12

Principal plasma proteins

Question 13

What is arrest of bleeding or the prevention of a hemorrhage?

Answer 13

Haemostasis

Question 14

What are the three phases of hemostasis?

Answer 14

1) vascular phase
2) Platelet plug formation
3) Coagulation

Question 15

What is resulting from the contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells within the damage blood vessel wall?

Answer 15

The vascular phase of haemostasis

Question 16

The vascular phase contains what two impulses?

Answer 16

Neural and chemical

Question 17

Neural impulses in the vascular phase increase what?

Answer 17

Vasoconstriction or sympathetic tone, decreases in blood volume

Question 18

Chemical impulses in the vascular phase use what to cause vasoconstriction?

Answer 18

Activated platelets which release thromboxane A2 and serotonin

Question 19

What are the three events which occur simultaneously in platelet plug formation during hemostasis?

Answer 19

• platelet adhesion, platelet activation, platelet aggregation

Question 20

What is the process that involves binding of platelets to themselves or two other components?

Answer 20

Platelet adhesion

Question 21

What is the binding of plate live receptors to ligands which triggers an exocytotic event known as the release reaction or platelet activation?

Answer 21

Platelet activation

Question 22

Activating more platelets and allowing platelets to form molecular bridges and subendothelial structures like collagen describes what?

Answer 22

 platelet aggregation

Question 23

What three things create the platelet plug?

Answer 23

Adhesion, activation and aggregation

Question 24

What is the process of blood clot formation?

Answer 24

Coagulation

Question 25

What do blood clots consist of?

Answer 25

Mesh fibrin with blood cells and serum

Question 26

The initiation of coagulation can be achieved by two pathways which are known as what?

Answer 26

Extrinsic and intrinsic pathway

Question 27

How is the extrinsic pathway in coagulation activated?

Answer 27

By tissue factors which are released by damaged tissue

Question 28

The intrinsic pathway in coagulation can be activated when?

Answer 28

When coagulation factor 12 contact with a damaged blood vessel

Question 29

Extrinsic and intrinsic pathways triggers a chain reaction that converts what into an activated factor?

Answer 29

Zymogen

Question 30

Extrinsic and intrinsic pathway is converge into the formation of what?

Answer 30

Prothrombin activator

Question 31

Prothrombin activator than activate prothrombin into formation of what?

Answer 31

Thrombin

Question 32

Thrombin activate fibrinogen Into the formation of what?

Answer 32

Insoluble fibrin

Question 33

Where are the majority of coagulation factor synthesized?

Answer 33

Liver

Question 34

What vitamin is essential for the synthesis of some of the coagulation factors?

Answer 34

Vitamin K

Question 35

What is coagulation factor for?

Answer 35

Calcium

Question 36

What coagulation factors are vitamin K essential for?

Answer 36

Two, seven, nine and 10

Question 37

What enzyme is produced by damaged endothelial cells, which catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen into plasmin?

Answer 37

Tissue plasminogen activator

Question 38

Where is plasminogen produced?

Answer 38

Liver

Question 39

What is a product of the beta haemolytic streptococcus that can be used as fibrinolytic agent?

Answer 39

Streptokinase

Question 40

What is a proteins that involved in digregation of the extra cellular matrix and with fibrinolytic property by converting plasminogen to plasmin

Answer 40

Urokinase

Question 41

What are the two things to dissolve a blood clot?

Answer 41

Streptokinase and urokinase