Class 7: Vascular System

Question 1

arteries carry blood to/away heart

Answer 1

away

Question 2

veins carry blood to/away heart

Answer 2

back to heart

Question 3

capillaries connect…

Answer 3

smallest arteries to veins

Question 4

Tunica Intima composed of, function

Answer 4

smooth endothelium, clot prevention

Question 5

Tunica Media composed of, function

Answer 5

smooth muscle, vasoconstriction or vasodialiation

Question 6

Tunica Externa has a connection to

Answer 6

blood vessels and tissue

Question 7

Biggest Arteries are…

Answer 7

aorta, common corotid, subclavian, pulmonary trunk, common iliac

Question 8

ascending aorta are the… that supply the…

Answer 8

right and left coronary that supply the heart

Question 9

aortic arch components

Answer 9

brachocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian

Question 10

left common carotid artery supplies

Answer 10

left side of head

Question 11

left subclavian supplies the

Answer 11

shoulder and upper limb

Question 12

the brachiocephalic artery supplies

Answer 12

the right common corotid-right side of head

right subclavian-right shoulder and upper limb

Question 13

aneurysm is a

Answer 13

weak point in the artery or heart wall

Question 14

baroreceptors sense

Answer 14

pressure

Question 15

sensory structures monitor, 3 types

Answer 15

blood pressure and chemistry

• carotid sinuses
• carotid bodies
• aortic bodies

Question 16

Capillaries are the site where

Answer 16

nutrients, wastes, and hormones bass between the blood and tissue fluid through the walls of the vessels

Question 17

Mechanisms involved with capillary exchange are

Answer 17

diffusion and transcytosis

Question 18

exchanges between the blood and surrounding tissues are made through the

Answer 18

capillary walls

Question 19

What is the most important form of capillary exchange?

Answer 19

diffusion

Question 20

what is help back during capillary exchange/diffusion

Answer 20

large particles (proteins)

Question 21

precapillary sphincters control…

Answer 21

which beds are well perfused

Question 22

when capillary sphincters open

Answer 22

the capillaries are well perfused with blood and exchage with the tissue fluid

Question 23

when capillary sphincters close

Answer 23

blood bypasses the capillaries and flows through the thoroughfare to channel to the venule

Question 24

3/4th of the bodies… are shut down at any give time

Answer 24

body’s capillaries

Question 25

capillaries function to move blood via

Answer 25

hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure

Question 26

capillaries reabsorb.... of the fluid they filter

Answer 26

about 85%

Question 27

15% of the body's fluids are absorbed by the

Answer 27

lymphatic system and returned to the blood

Question 28

Edema is caused by (3)

Answer 28

1) increased capillary filtration 2) reduced capillary absorption 3) obstructed lymphatic drainage

Question 29

veins have a greater/lesser capacity for blood containment than arteries

Answer 29

greater

Question 30

vein characteristics

Answer 30

thinner walls, flaccid, less muscular and elastic tissue

Question 31

veins collapse when...

Answer 31

empty

Question 32

veins are subjected to a relatively...

Answer 32

low blood pressure

Question 33

internal jugular vein recieves most of the blood from the....

Answer 33

brain

Question 34

branches of the external jugular vein drain the...

Answer 34

external structures of the head

Question 35

the upper limb is drained by the...

Answer 35

subclavian vein

Question 36

The Great Saphenous Vein is the

Answer 36

longest vein in the body, often used for surgeries like coronary bypass

Question 37

greater saphenous vein location

Answer 37

all the way up the medial leg

Question 38

lesser saphenous vein location

Answer 38

up the lateral aspect of the leg

Question 39

Flow is proportional to

Answer 39

the change in pressure over resistance to flow

Question 40

systolic pressure is

Answer 40

peak arterial blood pressure taken during ventricular contraction

Question 41

diastolic pressure is

Answer 41

minimum arterial blood pressure taken during ventricular relaxation between heart beats

Question 42

hypertension is

Answer 42

high blood pressure over 140/90

Question 43

hypotension is

Answer 43

chronic low resting blood pressure

Question 44

vasomotion is a quick and powerful way of

Answer 44

altering blood pressure and flow

Question 45

autoregulation is the ability of tissues to

Answer 45

regulate their own blood supply

Question 46

vasoactive chemicals are

Answer 46

substances secreted by platelets, endothelial cells, and perivascular tissue stimulate vasomotion

Question 47

gua sha causes

Answer 47

reactive hyperemia

Question 48

vasomotor center is located in the

Answer 48

medulla oblongata

Question 49

the vasomotor center exerts control over

Answer 49

blood vessels throughout the body

Question 50

the vasomotor center is the .... for... reflexes

Answer 50

integrating center, three autonomic

Question 51

baroreflexes located in... regulate...

Answer 51

carotic sinus, BP via medulla

Question 52

chemoreflexes are sensitive to

Answer 52

pH, O2 and CO2

Question 53

medullary ischemic reflex is sensitive to

Answer 53

insufficient protein (shock)

Question 54

angiotensin is a

Answer 54

potent vasocontrictor that raises blood pressure

Question 55

aldosterone increases

Answer 55

blood volume and pressure

Question 56

atrial natriuretic peptide increases.... lowers...

Answer 56

urinary sodium excretion, blood pressure

Question 57

ADH promotes... and raises...

Answer 57

water retention, blood pressure

Question 58

epinephrine and norepinephrine cause

Answer 58

vasoconstriction in most blood vessels and vasodilation in skeletal and cardiac muscle blood vessels

Question 59

3 methods of venous return

Answer 59

- cardiac hydrostatic pressure - skeletal muscle pumps in the limbs - respiration causes the thoracic cage to pump blood

Question 60

Transient ischemic attacks are brief episodes of...

Answer 60

cerebral ischemia

Question 61

a stroke is a...

Answer 61

cerebral vascular accident (CVA)