Clinical Anatomy

Question 1

What are the 2 joints that make up the shoulder

Answer 1

glenohumeral and acromioclavicular

Question 2

What structures stabilise the shouler joint?

Answer 2

capulse; rotator cuff and otehr muscles, labrum

Question 3

What can cause impingement?

Answer 3

tendonitis; cuff tear; subacromial bursitis; osteophytes from AC joint

Question 4

Where does a rotator cuff tend to occur?

Answer 4

in the supraspinatus tendon and then travels either anteriorly or posteriorly

Question 5

What can occur if there is recurrent anterior discolation and the labrum commonly detaches?

Answer 5

Bankart lesions- which is a pocket that is created that the humerus can dislocate into

Question 6

What is the nerve most commonly compromised with anterior shoulder dislocation?

Answer 6

axillary

Question 7

What space does the axillary nerve travel through?

Answer 7

the quadrangular space

Question 8

What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

Answer 8

superior- teres minor
inferior- teres major
medial- nck of humrus
lateral- long head of triceps

Question 9

What is adhesive capsulitis better known as?

Answer 9

frozen shoulder

Question 10

What symptoms does frozen shoulder present with?

Answer 10

global loss of ROM - ESPECIALLY ER

Question 11

What nerve supplies sensation to the lateral forearm?

Answer 11

musculocutaneous

Question 12

What nerve is susceptible to injury in humeral shaft fractures?

Answer 12

radial nerve

Question 13

What is seen when there is damage to the radial nerve?

Answer 13

wrist drop

Question 14

What are the 2 joints at the elbow?

Answer 14

humero-ulnar joint

radio-capitellar joint

Question 15

Where does the common extensor tendon originate?

Answer 15

lateral epicondyle

Question 16

Where does the common flexor tendon originate?

Answer 16

medial epicondyle

Question 17

What is at risk of injury in a supracondylar fracture?

Answer 17

brachial artery and median nerve

Question 18

What joints facilitate supination and pronation?

Answer 18

proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints

Question 19

What nerve supplies the majority of the anterior forearm?

Answer 19

median nerve

Question 20

What nerves are supplied by the ulnar nerve in the anterior forearm?

Answer 20

FCU and ulnar half of FDP

Question 21

What muscles orginiate at the common extensor origin?

Answer 21

extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum
externsor digit minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 22

What is the foudn at the base of the snuffbox?

Answer 22

scaphoid

Question 23

what forms the upper border of the snuffbox?

Answer 23

extensor pollicis longus tendon

Question 24

What forms the lower border of the snuffbox?

Answer 24

extensor pollicis brevis tendon

Question 25

What arteries supply the head and neck of femur?

Answer 25

retinacular arteries

Question 26

What is the function of gluteus maximus?

Answer 26

extension and external rotation

Question 27

Which nerve supplies the anterior thigh muscles?

Answer 27

femoral nerve

Question 28

Whic hnerve supplies the posterior thigh mucles?

Answer 28

sciatic nerve

Question 29

What nerve supplies the adductor muscles?

Answer 29

obturator nerve

Question 30

Where can the obturator nerve refer pain from the hip?

Answer 30

knee

Question 31

What type of cartilage are the menisci made up of?

Answer 31

fibrocartilage

Question 32

What does the ACL resist?

Answer 32

internal rotation and anterior translation of the tibia

Question 33

What does the LCL resist?

Answer 33

varus stress and helps resist

Question 34

What does MCL resist?

Answer 34

valgus stress

Question 35

What does the PCL resist?

Answer 35

posterior translation tibia or anterior translation femur

Question 36

What type OA are you more predisposed to with genu varum?

Answer 36

medial OA

Question 37

What type of OA are you more predisposed to with genu valgum?

Answer 37

lateral OA

Question 38

Waht nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 38

deep fibular nerve

Question 39

What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 39

superficial fibular nerve

Question 40

what nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 40

tibial

Question 41

How many lateral ligaments need to be incompetent for the ankle joint to be unstable?

Answer 41

2/3

Question 42

What is tarsal coalition?

Answer 42

abnormal connections between tarsal bones

Question 43

What contribute mainly to the medial arch?

Answer 43

tibialis posterior and plantar fascia

Question 44

What leads to claw and hammer toe deformities?

Answer 44

imbalance of the flexor and extensor tendons