CNS quiz and final exam amterial Flashcards
(57 cards)
what are the main regions of the brain?
-cerebral hemispheres
-diencephalon
-brainstem
-cerebellum
ventricles in the brain
-filled with cerebral spinal fluid
-continuous with each other and with the central canal of the spinal cord
-lined with ependymal cells
-apertures connect ventricles within the subarachnoid space
cerebral hemispheres
-83 percemt of total brain mass
gray matter is about 40 percent of cerebrum
-surface is convuluted
gyri
top of hill
-precentral gyrus: hill in front of central sulcus
postcentral gyrus: hill after central sulcus
sulci
-shallow groove -divide into lobes
central sulcus
divides frontal and parietal lobes
parietal-occipital sulcus
divides parietal and occipital lobes
lateral sulcus
the frontal and parietal lobes superiorly from the temporal lobe inferiorly
-look at pictures in pwrpnt
fissures
deep grooves
longitudinal fissure
separates hemispheres of cerebrum along longitudinal planet
transverse cerebral fissure
separates cerebrum from cerebellum (transverse plane)
-contains he tentirium cerebelli
dura matter
thick membrane that is tough an dreduces cintact between portions seperated by fissures
falx cerebri
extension preventing two halves of head from rubbing
cerebral cortex
thin but there is a lot packed in
-exclusively gray matter
-40 of total brain mass
-extensive surface area via convolutions
what are the motor areas of the cerebral cotex
-primary motor cortex
-premotor cortex
-broca’s area
-frontal eye field
what are the sensory areas of the cerebral cortex
-primary somatosensory cortex
-somatosensory association area
-aprimary visual cortex
-visual association area
-primary auditory cortex
-auditory association area
-vestibular cortex
-olfactory cortex
-gustatory cortex
-visceral sesnory area
what are the association areas of the cerebral cortex
-somatosensory
-visual
-auditory
-prefrontal cortex
-language areas
-multimodal association areas
what controls speech
-motor aspect: Bronca’s area
-thought behind speech: Wernicke’s area
cerebral lateralization
one hemisphere may be better at things than the other one
primary motor cortex
-in the frontal lobe
-located in the precentral gyrus
-contains pyramidal cells whose axons project to the spinal cord and form tracts (voluntary motor tracts) called pyramindal tracts
-function: voluntary movement of skeletal muscle
-motor homunculus
premotor cortex
in the frontal lobe
function: muscle memory, skilled motor activities (typing, instruments/learned )
broca’s area
in the frontal lobe
-one hemisphere only
-controls motor aspect of speech
frontal eye field
frontal
-controls what muscles move eyes/what direction so we don’t have to think about it
primary somatosensory cortex
and somatosensory association area
-parietal lobe
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