CNS stimulants Flashcards
CNS stimulants - 11 drugs
Amphetamine. Dextroamphetamine Methamphetamine Lisdexamphetamine Methylphenidate Modafinil Armodafinil Atomozetine Guanfacine Clonidine Phentermine
CNS stimulants - adverse effects
Cardiovascular incidence (high BP, MI).
Decreased growth and weight gain.
Potential for abuse.
Amphetamin and its derivatives - Clinical use
ADHD, narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome and shift work sleep disorder.
Methamphetamine: Also short-term treatment for exogenous obesity.
Lisdexamphetamine: ONLY ADHD.
Phentermine: only obesity
Amphetamine and its derivatives - MOA
Indirect-acting adrenergic agonist. Increases release of NE and dopamine from nerve terminals by entering via the reuptake transporter, reversing the transport mechanism and inhibiting further reuptake of catecholamines
Amphetamine derivatives - 4 drugs
Dextroamphetamine
Methamphetamine
Lisdexamphetamine
Phentermine
Methylphenidate - MOA
Increase levels of catecholamines in central and peripheral synapses and primarily inhibit dopamine reuptake
Methylphenidate - indications
ADHD
Comparison of adverse effects of the sympathomimetics and amphetamines
The sympathomimetics show less irritability, anxiety and anorexia than amphetamines
Sympathomimetic CNS stimulants - 3 drugs
Methylphenidate
Modafinil
Armodafinil
Modafinil, armodafinil - MOA
Increase levels of catecholamines in central and peripheral synapses and primarily inhibit dopamine reuptake
Modafinil, armodafinil - indications
Narcolepsy.
Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome.
Shift work sleep disorder.
Off-label for ADHD.
Atomoxetine - MOA
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with some selectivity
Atomoxetine - Indications
ADHD
Guanfacine and clonidine - MOA
Alpha2-receptor agonists
Guanfacine and clonidine - indications
Hypertension, ADHD
