coagulation

Question 1

first line of defense against bleeding

Answer 1

vasoconstriction

Question 2

key mediator of vasoconstriction in response to endothelial damage

Answer 2

endothelins (proteins released by endothelial cells)

Question 3

coagulation factors are synthelized in the

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

coagulation factors form

Answer 4

fibrin

Question 5

coagulation factors circulate as

Answer 5

zymogens

Question 6

many coagulation factors active to become

Answer 6

serine proteases

Question 7

center of coagulation cascade is activation of

Answer 7

X to Xa

Question 8

Xa converts

Answer 8

prothrombin to thrombin

Question 9

thrombin converts

Answer 9

fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 10

Xa inhibitors

Answer 10

rivaroxaban
apixaban

Question 11

direct thrombin inhibitors

Answer 11

hirudin
lepirudin
bivalirudin
desirudin
argatroban
dabigatran

Question 12

major activator of coagulation system

Answer 12

tissue factor

Question 13

primary event causes

Answer 13

exposure of tissue factor

Question 14

tissue factor interacts with

Answer 14

VII and activates it

Question 15

tissue factor and VIIa activate

Answer 15

X to Xa

Question 16

thrombin makes more

Answer 16

thrombin and acts as positive feedback for the cascade

Question 17

defects in factors IX and VIII cause

Answer 17

hemophilia (cant amply clotting cascade which causes bleeding)

Question 18

factor VIII circulates bound to

Answer 18

von Willebrand factor (which increases half life)

Question 19

factor VIII is produced in

Answer 19

endothelial cells

Question 20

multicomponent complexes are three components bound together including

Answer 20

1. active clotting factor
2. co factor
3. substrate

Question 21

multicomponent complexes require

Answer 21

phospholipids and calcium

Question 22

extrinsic Xase (multicomponent complex) enzyme

Answer 22

VIIa

Question 23

intrinsic Xase enzyme

Answer 23

IXa

Question 24

calcium is required for

Answer 24

clot formation

Question 25

role of factor XIII

Answer 25

crosslinks fibrin stabilizing the plug

Question 26

factor XIII requires what as a cofactor

Answer 26

calcium

Question 27

XII is activated by

Answer 27

contact with negative charges (silica)

Question 28

basis for partial thromboplastin time

Answer 28

factor XII

Question 29

intrinsic pathway requires

Answer 29

kinins

Question 30

kinins link

Answer 30

coagulation with inflammation

Question 31

bradykinin

Answer 31

vasodilator

Question 32

bradykinin is degraded by

Answer 32

ACE & C1 inhibitor

Question 33

C1 inhibitor deficiency causes

Answer 33

hereditary angioedema

Question 34

factor XII activates

Answer 34

clotting and produces bradykinin

Question 35

prekallikrein deficiency results in

Answer 35

markedly prolonged PTT

Question 36

in prekallikrein deficiency __ cannot activate the clotting cascade normally

Answer 36

XII

Question 37

kinin system activated by

Answer 37

factor XII

Question 38

imp deactivators of coagulation

Answer 38

antithrombin III protein C and S tissue factor pathway inhibitor

Question 39

antithrombin III is a

Answer 39

serpin (inhibitor of sarin proteases)

Question 40

antithrombin III inhibits

Answer 40

II, VII, IX, X, XI, XII

Question 41

antithrombin III is the basis for

Answer 41

heparin drug therapy

Question 42

deficiency antithrombin III causes

Answer 42

hypercoagulable state

Question 43

protein C and S are

Answer 43

glycoproteins synthesized in liver

Question 44

activated protein C inactivates factors

Answer 44

Va and VIIIa

Question 45

protein C activated by

Answer 45

thrombomodulin

Question 46

thrombomodulin binds

Answer 46

thrombin and then activates protein C

Question 47

activated protein C requires

Answer 47

protein S as a co factor

Question 48

tissue factor pathway inhibitor inactivates

Answer 48

Xa

Question 49

tissue factor pathway plasma levels increased with

Answer 49

heparin administration

Question 50

plasminogen is synthelized by

Answer 50

liver

Question 51

plasminogen is converted to

Answer 51

active enzyme plasmin

Question 52

main role of plasmin

Answer 52

breakdown fibrin

Question 53

plasminogen activators

Answer 53

tissue plasminogen activator & urokinase

Question 54

fibrin is broken down into

Answer 54

fibrin degradation products & D dimer

Question 55

presence of D dimer indicates

Answer 55

clot breakdown

Question 56

fibrinogen degradation products indicate

Answer 56

plasmin activity only

Question 57

primary fibrinolysis is a rare phenomena in which

Answer 57

plasmin is overactive

Question 58

primary fibrinolysis causes

Answer 58

increased fibrin degradation products with normal D dimer

Question 59

plasmin can deplete

Answer 59

clotting factors

Question 60

clot breakdown causes

Answer 60

fibrinogen degradation products and dimers

Question 61

hyperfibrinolysis causes

Answer 61

fibrinogen degradation products and normal dimers

Question 62

vitamin K is required for

Answer 62

syntheisis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, X, C, S

Question 63

warfarin is a

Answer 63

vit k antagonist

Question 64

erythrocyte sedimentation rate is increased in

Answer 64

inflammatory conditions