glucocorticoids & nsaids

Question 1

lipids are turned into arachidonic acid by

Answer 1

phospholipase A2

Question 2

arachidonic acid is turned into leukotrienes by

Answer 2

lipoxygenase

Question 3

arachidonic is turned into thromboxanes & prostaglandins by

Answer 3

cyclooxygenase

Question 4

cyclooxygenase has two

Answer 4

isoforms (COX1 & COX2)

Question 5

COX1 role

Answer 5

imp for GI mucosal function

Question 6

COX2 role

Answer 6

inducible in inflammatory cells

Question 7

NSAIDS moa

Answer 7

reversibly inhibits COX1 & COX2

Question 8

benefits of nsaids

Answer 8

decrease pain, redness, swelling

Question 9

ADE of nsaids

Answer 9

decreased platelet aggregation
decreased renal blood flow
increased GI ulcers

Question 10

acute interstitial nephritis is caused by

Answer 10

nsaids

Question 11

acute interstitial nephritis

Answer 11

inflammation of interstium due to hypersensitivity allergic reaction

Question 12

classic finding in acute interstitial nephritis

Answer 12

urine eosinophils

Question 13

PGE2 role

Answer 13

vasodilation, fever, edema, pain, & renal vasodilation

Question 14

PGE2/PGI2 role

Answer 14

protect GI mucosa

Question 15

TXA2 role

Answer 15

platelet adhesion

Question 16

LTC4/LTD4 role

Answer 16

vasodilators and bronchoconstriction (imp role in asthma)

Question 17

LTB4 role

Answer 17

neutrophils & eosinophils chemotaxis

Question 18

cox 2 inhibitor name

Answer 18

celecoxib

Question 19

cox 2 benefits

Answer 19

decreased pain, redness, bleeding
less risk of GI ulcers

Question 20

ADE of COX2

Answer 20

increased CV events

Question 21

COX1 main product

Answer 21

TXA2

Question 22

glucocorticoids MOA

Answer 22

inactivation of NF-KB

Question 23

inactivation of NF-KB causes

Answer 23

mediates response to TNF alpha
controls synthesis of inflammatory mediators (COX2, PLA2, lipoxygenase)

Question 24

effects of glucocorticoids

Answer 24

increase neutrophils
decrease cytokines & eosinophils

Question 25

side effects of glucocorticoids

Answer 25

skin thinning, easy bruising, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, cushings

Question 26

major side effect of glucocorticoids

Answer 26

avascular necrosis

Question 27

avascular necrosis path

Answer 27

bone collapse due to interruption of blood flow & bone thinning

Question 28

long term steroid use suppresses

Answer 28

HPA axis

Question 29

abrupt discontinuation of steroids causes

Answer 29

adrenal gland insufficiency

Question 30

sxs of adrenal gland insufficiency

Answer 30

hypotension, shock, weakness, fatigue