Cohesion
The tendency for individuals to work together to achieve their goals, the forces that keep the group members on task
Co-action
When others do the task at the same time but separately
Interaction
When a group works together to produce results
Carron’s antecedents
The factors that might influence cohesion
What are Carron’s antecedents
1) Environmental factors
2) Personal factors
3) Leadership factors
4) Team factors
Environmental factors
- Group size
- Time available
Personal factors
- Similarity of group members
- Acceptance of roles
- Fitness
Leadersip factors
- Leader style
- Leaders relationship with the team
Team factors
- Desire for success
- Team stability/status
- Team ability
- Group productivity
- Shared experience
What are the two types of cohesion
1) Task cohesion
2) Social cohesion
Task cohesion
Individuals working together to achieve an end result
Why is task cohesion important
- Override the problems with social cohesion
- Provides motivation (all members are working hard toward a common sport team goal)
Social cohesion
Individuals relating to each other to interact in the group
Why is social cohesion important
- Interactive team
- Help communication
- Help team spirit
- Socialise outside team environment
What does Steiner’s model of team performance look like
Actual productivity =
Potential productivity - Faulty processes
Actual productivity
The outcome of group performance
Potential productivity
The best performance based on player ability and group resources
Faulty processes
The things that go wrong to reduce outcomes and prevent group potential being reached
Social loafing
Individual loss of motivation in a team player due to lack of performance identification when individual efforts are not recognised
What are the causes of social loafing ()
- Lack of confidence
- Lack of motivation
- Negative attitude
- Poor leadership
- No offer of incentives or reinforcements
- Not understand the role they need to play in the team
- Lack fitness
- Goals not specific enough
Ringelmann effect
When group performance decreases with group size
How to avoid social loafing (7)
- Make sure efforts are recognised
- Reinforcement (POTM)
- Realistic and specific goals
- Highlight individual performances and give feedback
- Small sided games
- Vary practice
- Make sure performers are fit
