Cold War

Question 1

Capitalist policies

Answer 1

Free elections and more than one party
Industry and agriculture owned by individuals 
Employ worker and keep all profits
Limits on government interference 
Freedom of speech  and movement

Question 2

Communism policies

Answer 2

One party state
Industry and agriculture owned by state
No induvula profit making 
Government controlled lives 
Censorship’s on what could be written or said

Question 3

Why did the Cold War begin

Answer 3

Russian revolution- us had a fear of communism and didn’t want it to spread
USSR weren’t included in the treaty of Veraslies - they help so thought they should get something back
Capitalism vs communism- both sides thought there way of life is right
Arguments over Germany’s land- both side wanted their way of life

Question 4

Yalta desicions

Answer 4

Declaration of liberated Europe’s free election
USSR gained land due to the change of plamds boarders
Germany split into 4 zones
Reperations collected from each zone
Soviet pows were returned
USSR helped fighting in japan and given land for thank s
UN set up
Lublin government allowed entrance of London piles

Question 5

Truemans and view on Stalin

Answer 5

Wanted to take a tougher line with Stan,in

Question 6

Potsdam decisions

Answer 6

Each zone will countinue taking reperations
Denazification
Stalin rejected uk and us attemls to have a greater say in what happened in Eastern Europe
German polish boarders drawn up
Us rejected Stalin’s attempt to have a greater say in running the Ruhr
Us rejected Stalin’s demand to have a greater role in occupation of Japan
Final boarders of zone were drew up
Government of Poland what to be communist

Question 7

Reasons for dropping atom bombs

Answer 7

Wanted revenge for pear harbour
Wanted to prove superiority
Wanted to force Japan to surrender
Wanted to alarm USSR
Wanted revenge on Japan for cruel treatment of POW
Wanted to prevent further causalities in the war
Spent 2000m developing the bomb so didn’t want to waste it

Question 8

Effects of bomb on Japan

Answer 8

78000 killed outright by bomb in Hiroshima
 140000 died from its effects
70,000 out of 78000 buildings destroyed 
Residential parts destroyed 
Bridges destroyed 
River polluted killing wildlife
80000 killed by bomb in Nagasaki

Question 9

Effects of bomb on USA

Answer 9

People alarmed by the destruction and many campaigned for countries to disarm - campaign for nuclear disarmament
Increased tension with USSR
Stalin angry at trueman for not telling him about the bomb

Question 10

Effects of bomb on USSR

Answer 10

Increased tension with us
Bomb marked a betrayal of trust by us and further split war time alliance
Shines the USSR that the USA had the upper hand in terms of military power
USA sent a clear message that the arms race had begun

Question 11

Effects on Cold War

Answer 11

Many saw armed conflict between superpowers as unthinkable and said to be mutually assured destruction as both sides knew what in the vent of military action the other side now had the power to counter them and strike back
Conflict that developed as a result was Cold War

Question 12

Why has hostility since 1917 increased tension

Answer 12

Us was capitalist and Russia was communist
Us felt threatened by communism
Russia and us disagreed on how Poland should be run

Question 13

Why did changes in big three increase tension

Answer 13

Attlee replaced Churchill
Trueman replace Roosevelt
Trueman wanted to take a tougher line against stalin so Stalin became weary

Question 14

What did decisions made at Yalat and Postdame increase tension

Answer 14

Potsdam- Stalin didn’t want us and uk having say over territory hear USSR
USA and uk didn’t agree with polish boarder
Us didn’t want Stalin having a greater say over the Ruhr

Question 15

Why did atom bomb increase tension

Answer 15

Russia felt treated during by the atom bomb

Over 140000 died

Question 16

How did an iron curtain develop

Answer 16

1 - Poland
2- Romania and Bulgaria
3- Hungary
4- Czechoslovakia

Question 17

Poland and iron curtain

Answer 17

June 1945 some London likes were allowed into Lublin government
Elections held in jan 1947
Elections were rigged and Lublin communist won minority
Leader of London poles, mikalaczyh fled fearing his life
Poland had no other party’s so became communist

Question 18

Romania and Bulgaria and iron curtain

Answer 18

Romaniax red army set up a coalition government run by communist
Feb 1945 a soviet politicon went against Yalta agreement and ordered king to appoint a new pm chosen by stalin. When the king argued the so,views intimidated him, pm was put in place, monarchy abolished in 1947
Bulgaria- red army entered in 1944
Nov 1945 communist seeized control and held elections that were rigged and communists won
Sit q946 communism abo9oshed monarchy

Question 19

Hungary and iron curtain

Answer 19

Allowed free elections in November 1945 but communists only received 20% of vote
Stalin ignored the people and imposed a communist government
Election in aug 1947 were rigged and communist won
By November non communist party’s were banned and soviets had control

Question 20

Czech and iron curtain

Answer 20

Allowed communists and non communist to run in 1945
1945 elections communists won 38% of vote
Communist sailed power before the 1948 elections as they were scared to lose
Many non communist were arranged, foreign minster was modern
Rigged the 1948 elections

Question 21

What was the trueman doctrine

Answer 21

Set of ideas laid down by trueman to help support countries against communist influence. Wanted to contain communism and not allow it to spread and provided finance for countries under threat

Question 22

Results of trueman doctrine

Answer 22

By 194o threat to Greece was gone
Turkey avoided communism
Showed that the USA wasn’t going to isolate itself
Showed that trueman wanted communism to stop

Question 23

Problems post war Europe faced

Answer 23

Homeless
Cost of rebuking homes 
Damage to infrastructure 
Debts from war effort 
Refugees 
Shortage of food,fuel,clothing

Question 24

What was Marshall plan

Answer 24

Part of European recovery program whet the USA lent money, aid and resources to countries who has been damaged by the war

Question 25

Motives of Marshall plan

Answer 25

Increase trading 
Show capitalism is thriving 
Prevent domino effect
Contain communism 
Create allies 
Show surepeiorty to stalin

Question 26

Actions and reactions

Answer 26

USA and Britain wanted too help Germany recover so they didn’t have to keep surorting German economy - Stalin’s grew suspicious of West
1947 Britain and us made bizonia. France then joined to make Trizonia x Stalin felt betrayed and more suspicious
23rd June 1948 Britain and us made a new currency called Deutschmark which strengthened west Germany economy and weakened Stalin’s- economic crisis as people change their currency, 2r5( June stalin closed all canals,roads and rail always from west Germany into Berlin

Question 27

Why Did stalin blockage Berlin

Answer 27

CreTion of bizonia and trizonia- allies were gaining up on stalin. 1 big west zone Against 1 same USSR zone
Deutschmark- make soviet currency weaker and effected quality of life
Yalta and postdam designs on Germany’s devisin - the decisions were never going to work
Trueman doctrine x USSR saw he was against communism
Marshal plan - USSR didn’t revive aid which meany soviet zone had worse quality of life and economy
Thousands fled soviet zone - many saw capitalism was better and better quality of life

Question 28

Consequences of Berlin airlift

Answer 28

79 us and uk pilots died

Question 29

Why did the Berlin airlift happen

Answer 29

It was the only way of getting in supplies that didn’t involve going to war with stalin it surrendering