Comparative Methods Flashcards
No individual tree is big enough for a null hypothesis of what hypothesis?
Under the Equal Rates Markhov model, imbalanced trees more common than expected
How does an imbalanced tree of life occur?
Under the Equal Rates Markhov model, there are 6 possible trees…4 of those are unequal and 2 are equal so by chance twice as likely to get an unbalanced tree
Tree imbalance can also be from
Parts of the tree having a higher speciation rate
Molecular phylogenies can measure
Speciation and extinction rates
LTT stands for?
Lineage Through Time
A visual summary of diversification dynamics is shown by?
Lineage Through Time
Non random processes are apparent if
There is a deviation from the straight line in the LTT
Birds’ LTT differs from the straight line which indicates
A variation in diversification rates
Sexual selection and conflict, body size, mutation rate, population size, dispersal, range size, habitat, latitude and ecological opportunity are all…
Correlates of diversification
Rate variation can occur
Between lineages and through time
Polymorphism is an indication of
Higher speciation rates
Diversification rates vary on the tree of life and
The causes of rate variation are diverse
Species selection =
Species more prone to speciation/extinction
2 types of species selection
Broad sense and strict sense
Body size is an example of what?
Broad sense species selection
