Comparative structures of lungs, airways and pleura

Question 1

What is the trachea?

Answer 1

A flexible tube that continues from the pharynx

Question 2

What prevents the trachea from collapsing?

Answer 2

cartilaginous C-shaped rings

Question 3

Where is the bifurication of the trachea?

Answer 3

around the 5th rib

Question 4

What are the 4 lobes in the right lung? (apart from in horses)

Answer 4

Cranial, Caudal, Medial and accesory

Question 5

What makes up the parietal pleura?

Answer 5

mediastinal part, costal part and diaphragmatic part

Question 6

Where are lungs located?

Answer 6

In pleural sacs

Question 7

What is the function of pleural fluid?

Answer 7

serves to reduce friction when the lung rubs against the body wall

Question 8

What is the pleural cupula?

Answer 8

Dome shaped layer that lines the upper part of the thoracic cage

Question 9

What is the diaphragmatic line of pleural reflection?

Answer 9

A line of separation between the chest cavity and abdominal cavity

Question 10

What nerve supplies the diaphragm?

Answer 10

The phrenic nerve

Question 11

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 11

A dome shaped structure that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Question 12

What animals have an additional tracheal bronchus to supply the right cranial lobe?

Answer 12

Ruminants and pigs

Question 13

What is the cardiac notch?

Answer 13

an indent in the lungs for the heart to fit

Question 14

What animals have a left cranial lobe that is further divided?

Answer 14

All animals apart from horses

Question 15

What animals have a right cranial, lobe that is further divided and contains a tracheal bronchae?

Answer 15

Ruminants and pigs

Question 16

What is the name of the cranial, cranial lobe?

Answer 16

Pars cranialis

Question 17

What is the name for the caudal crania lobe?

Answer 17

Pars caudalis

Question 18

In which lobe is the groove for the caudal vena cava?

Answer 18

The accessory lobe

Question 19

What is the basal border?

Answer 19

Line that runs from the middle of the 6th-8th rib to the dorsal part of the 11th rib

Question 20

What makes up the triangle of auscultation?

Answer 20

Lateral border of ileocostalis muscle, basal border of the lungs, and a line taken from the caudal angle at the 5th rib

Question 21

Where are lungs located?

Answer 21

In the pleural sacs

Question 22

What does the costal pleura of the lungs cover?

Answer 22

Outer layer of the Lungs to the ribs

Question 23

What does the diaphragmatic pleura of the lungs cover?

Answer 23

Outer layer of the Lungs to the diaphragm

Question 24

What does the mediastinal pleura of the lungs cover?

Answer 24

Outer layer of the Lungs to the mediastinum

Question 25

What is the visceral pleura of the lungs?

Answer 25

The inner layer

Question 26

What is the function of pleural fluid?

Answer 26

Serves to reduce friction and intra-thoracic pressure, as well as preventing the lungs from collapsing during expiration

Question 27

What is the aortic hiatus?

Answer 27

The most dorsal opening of the lungs, contains the aorta, azygous vein and the thoracic duct

Question 28

What is the oesophageal hiatus?

Answer 28

contains the oesophagus, dorsal and ventral vagal trunks

Question 29

In which animal is the cranial lobe of the lung not split?

Answer 29

The horse

Question 30

Which animal does not have a middle lung lobe?

Answer 30

The horse

Question 31

What are the 4 lobes that carnivores have on the right side?

Answer 31

Cranial, middle, caudal and accesory

Question 32

What is a pleural reflection?

Answer 32

A pleural reflection is a line in which individual regions of pleura merge

Question 33

What is the name of the nerve that supplies the diaphragm?

Answer 33

The phrenic nerve

Question 34

What are the two parts of the diaphragm?

Answer 34

There is a muscular peripheral area and a tendinous central area

Question 35

What vein enters through the caval foramen?

Answer 35

The caudal vena cava

Question 36

What is the purpose of the recesses in the lungs?

Answer 36

They provide a potential route for the pleural cavities without damaging the lungs

Question 37

What is the blood supply to the lungs?

Answer 37

Bronchoesophageal a. and v.