COMPLEMENT SYSTEM & IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDER Flashcards
(107 cards)
1
Q
A set of proteins that play a role in cytolytic destruction of cellular antigens by specific antibody ; reaction is non specific to the target cell
A
Complement system
2
Q
Act as chemotaxin
A
C5a, C5b, C6, C7
3
Q
Act as opsonins
A
C3b, C4b, C5b
4
Q
Classical pathway is initiated by
A
IgG and IgM
5
Q
Membrane attack complex
A
C5b6789
6
Q
based on activation via classical pathway
A
C 1423 56789
7
Q
Lysis starts when ___ attaches to host cell
A
C8
8
Q
Activation unit of classical pathway
A
C4, C2, C3
9
Q
Stabilizer of C3 and C5 convert are
A
Properdin pathway / alternative pathway
10
Q
Stabilizer of C3 and C5 convert are
A
Properdin pathway / alternative pathway
11
Q
Involved in alternative pathway
A
C3 56789
12
Q
Activating substance in classical pathway
A
Immune complex
13
Q
Activating substance in alternative pathway
A
LPS (bacterial capsule) , IgA
14
Q
Activating substance in lectin pathway
A
Mannose group on microbial cell
15
Q
Recognition unit in classical pathway
A
C1q, C1r, C1s
16
Q
Recognition unit in alternative pathway
A
C3, Factor B , Factor D
17
Q
Recognition unit in lectin pathway
A
MBP, MASP-1
18
Q
C3 convertase of classical pathway
A
C4b2a
19
Q
C3 convertase of alternative pathway
A
C3bBbP
20
Q
C3 convertase of lectin pathway
A
C4b2a
21
Q
C5 convertase of classical pathway
A
C4b2a3b
22
Q
C5 convertase of alternative pathway
A
C3bBb3bP
23
Q
C5 convertase of lectin pathway
A
C4b2a3b
24
Q
Dissociates C1r and C1s from C1q
A
C1 inhibitor
25
Cleaves C3b and C4b
Factor I
26
Cofactor with I to inactive C3b ; prevents binding of B to C3b
Factor H
27
Acts as a cofactor with I to inactivate C4b
C4 binding protein
28
Prevents attachment of the C5b67 complex to cell membrane
S protein (vitronectin)
29
Accelerates dissociation of C3 convertase ; associated with Cromer blood group
Decay accelerating factor
30
Membrane attack complex inhibitor
Homologous restriction Facto (HRF)
CD59
31
Membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis
CD59
32
Associated with 035 blood group
CD59
33
B cell co receptor for antigen with CD19 ; most common
CR2 (CD21)
34
Receptor for adhesion and increased activity of phagocytic cell
CR3 (CD11b/CD18)
35
Complement deficient in lupus-like syndrome ; recurrent infection ; atherosclerosis
C2
36
Complement deficient in hereditary angioedema
C1-INH
37
Complement deficient in PNH
DAF and//or MIRL
38
Assay for complement components — amount of C’ serum that can cause hemolysis of the 5% of the standardized concentration antibody-sensitized sheep RBC
CH50 assay
39
Assay for complement components — magnesium chloride, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid
AH50 assay
40
___% is used because this is when the change in lytic activity per unit change in complement is at maximum
50%
41
Reporting of complement fixation test
Highest dilution showing no hemolysis
42
Heightened state of immune response
Hypersensitivity
43
Time of immediate hypersensitivity
6-24 hours
44
Time of delayed hypersensitivity
>24 hours
45
Immediate type of hypersensitivity reactions
Type I , II , III
46
IgE as immune mediator ; heterologous ; anaphylaxis, allergic reactions, allergic asthma , food allergies, urticaria ; no complement involvement
Type I
47
IgG and IgM immune mediators ; antibody mediated cytotoxic ; autologous or heterologous ; cell destruction ; transfusion reactions, autoimmune hemolytic anemia , HDFN, drug reactions, myasthenia gravies ; Goodpsture’s syndrome ; Grave’s disease
TYPE III
48
IgM or IgG immune mediators ; complex mediated ; antigen-antibody complexes activate complement proteins ; neutrophils are recruited and release lysosomal enzymes
; serum sickness, Arthus reaction, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, drug reactions
Type III
49
T cells as immune mediators ; cell mediated or delayed type ; delayed type ; antigen-sensitized Th1 cells release cytokines that recruit macrophages and induce inflammation or activate cytotoxic T cells to cause direct cell damage ;
contact dermatitis ; tuberculin and anergy skin tests, hypersensitivity pneumonitis
TYPE IV
50
In vivo testing for immediate hypersensitivity
Skin test
51
Most preferred skin tests ; used in Wheal & Flare
Percutaneous
52
In vitro test for total serum IgE
RIST
53
In vitro test for allergen specific IgE
RAST
54
Primary mediators of type I hypersensitivity
Histamine
Heparin
ECF-A
NCF-A
55
Secondary mediators of type I hypersensitivity
Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
Platelet activating factor
IL-1, IL-3, IL-4
56
Test for type II hypersensitivity reaction
AHG
57
Antigen is ____ in type III hypersensitivity reaction
Soluble
58
type III hypersensitivity reaction : deposition of ag-ab complex in the ____
Tissue
59
Test for type III hypersensitivity reaction ;
Labelled immunoassay
60
Tests for type IV hypersensitivity reaction
Skin tests (patch test , tuberculin test), interferon gamma release
61
Presence of autoreactive or autoantibodies cells
Autoimmune disease
62
Ability of the immune system to accept self antigen and not initiate a response against them
Self tolerance
63
Central autoimmune disease
BM, thymus
64
Peripheral autoimmune disease
Secondary lymphoid organs
65
Individual viral or bacterial agents contain antigens that closely resemble self-antigen
Molecular mimicry
66
Polio virus VP2 resembles
Acetylcholine
67
Measles virus P3 resemble
Myelin basic protein
68
Papilloma virus VP2 resembles
Insulin receptors
69
Microorganism can induce a local inflammatory response that recruits leukocytes and stimulates APCs to release cytokines that activate T cells
Bystander effect
70
Ability to bind to bot MHC class II and TCRs regardless of the antigen specificity
Super antigens
71
Immune complex disease characterized by overproduction of autoantibodies
SLE
72
SLE manifests itself by skin lesions _______
Butterfly rash or red wolf
73
It is SLE when _____ is present
Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA)
74
PMN leukocyte with ingested LE body often in rosette formation
Le Cell
75
Drugs associated to Lupus
Procainamide
Hydralazine
Chlorpromazine
Isoniazid
Quinidine
76
Autoantibodies that are directed against antigens in the nuclei of mammalian cells
Antinuclear antibodies
77
Autoantibodies involved in SLE
Anti-dsDNA and Anti-Sm
78
Extractable nuclear antigen (uridine-rich RNA component)
Anti-Sm
79
Characteristics of antigen—antigens in the chromosome centromere ; CREST syndrome
Autoantibody - anti-centromere
80
CREST stands for
Calcinosis
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Esophageal dysmotililty
Sclerodactyl
Telangiectasia
81
Principle of fluorescent antinuclear antibody test
Indirect immunofluorescence
82
Fluorescent pattern : uniform staining of the entire nucleus
Homogenous/diffused
83
Diffuse staining is throughout the nucleus, but greater intensity around the outer circle surrounding the nucleus
Peripheral/outline/rim
84
Fluorescent pattern : discrete, fluorescent specks throughout nucleus
Speckled granules
85
Fluorescent pattern : prominent staining of the nucleoli
Nuclear
86
Fluorescent pattern : numerous discrete speckles are seen
Centromere-fine
87
Used to detect antibodies to dsDNA
Immunofluorescence using Crithidia lucillae
88
Used to determine the immunologic specificity of a positive FANA test
Ouchterlony test
89
Chronic, symmetric, and erosive arthritis of the peripheral joints; Progresses to joint deformity and disability
Rheumatoid arthritis
90
Specific antibody marker of Rheumatoid arthritis
Anticyclic citrullinated peptide
91
Group of immmunoglobulins that interacts specifically with the Fc potion of IgG molecules
Rheumatoid arthritis
92
A systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease ; Characterized by chronic inflammation of the excorine glands, most notably the ocular and salivary glands
Sjögren’s syndrome
93
Rare SARD that is characterized by excessive fibrosis and vascular abnormalities that affect skin and pints and progress over time to involve internal organs, most commonly the esophagus, lower gastrointestinal tract, lungs, heart and kidneys
Scleroderma
94
Inflammation of blood vessels
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
95
Primarily affect the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys
Granulomatosis with polyangitis
96
New name of Goodpasture syndrome
Anti-glomerular basement membrane syndrome
97
Tumor marker for hepatic and testicular cancer
AFP
98
Tumor marker for lung cancer
ALP
99
Tumor marker for breast cancer
CA 15-3
100
Tumor marker for ovarian cancer
CAC 125
101
Tumor marker for colorectal cancer
CEA
102
Tumor marker for prostate cancer
PSA
103
Tumor marker for urinary bladder cancer
Nuclear matrix protein
104
Tumor marker for pancreatic cancer
Amylase
105
Tumor marker for medullary cancer
Calcitonin
106
Tumor marker for hematopoietic malignancies
CD-45
107
Patients are greater than 60 years of age and the incidence is greater in men than women
Non Hodgkin lymphoma
