Components of the Cell

Question 0

Makes up each element

Smallest unit of matter

Answer 0

Atom

Question 1

cannot be split into a simpler substance

Answer 1

Element

Question 2

Atom or molecule with positive or negative charge

Answer 2

Ion

Question 3

2 or more atoms sharing electrons

Answer 3

Molecule

Question 4

contains atoms of two or more different elements

Answer 4

compound

Question 5

cytoplasm
nucleus
plasma membrane

Answer 5

cell

Question 6

contains both carbon and hydrogen

usually called nonelecrtolytes

Answer 6

organic compound

Question 7

contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
water soluble molecules
glucose, table sugar and plant starch

Answer 7

carbohydrates (organic substance)

Question 8

contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
insoluble in water soluble in organic solvents
fatty acids are the simplest
phospholipids and steroids

Answer 8

lipids (organic substances)

Question 9

contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
building blocks are amino acids
shapes are complex
keratin, fibrin, a myglobin

Answer 9

proteins (organic substance)

Question 10

contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
building blocks are nucleotides

Answer 10

nucleic acids (organic substance)

Question 11

two major types of nucleic acids

Answer 11

RNA and DNA (organic substance)

Question 12

energy currency of living systems

powers cellular activities that require energy called Endergonic Reactions

Answer 12

ATP

Question 13

provide energy

provide cell structure

Answer 13

carbohydrates

Question 14

provide energy
provide cell structure
provide insulation beneath the skin

Answer 14

lipids

Question 15

structural components in cell membranes

Answer 15

phosophlipids

Question 16

provide energy to drive muscle contraction
provide cell structure for body tissue
provide enzymes which speed up biochemical reactions (enzymes)

Answer 16

proteins

Question 17

store information for the synthesis of proteins

control cell activities

Answer 17

nucleic acids

Question 18

generally dissolves or react with water to release ions

usually called electrolytes

Answer 18

inorganic substance

Question 19

most abundant compound in living material
responsible for two/thirds of the weight of an adult human
major component of blood and other body fluid

Answer 19

water H2O (inorganic substance)

Question 20

medium in which most biochemical reactions occur
transports various chemical substances
regulates body temperature

Answer 20

water (H20)

Question 21

enters the internal environment through the respiratory organs
transported throughout the body by blood
necessary for cell survival and ultimately for survival of the organism

Answer 21

oxygen (O2) (inorganic compounds)

Question 22

used to release emergy from glucose molecules

Answer 22

oxygen (O2)

Question 23

a simple carbon containing inorganic compound

produced by a waste product

Answer 23

carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 24

reacts with water to form carbonic acid

Answer 24

carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 25

abundant in body fluids

source of many necessary ions

Answer 25

inorganic salts

Question 26

play important roles in metabolic process
maintain proper water concentration and ph balance in body fluids
needed for: blood clotting, bone development, energy to transfer within cells, muscle and nerve function

Answer 26

inorganic salts