Cranial Nerve/Brainstem Strokes

Question 1

what are the major functions of the cranial nerves supplied by the PCA?

Answer 1

pupillary and eye movement

Question 2

what cranial nerves does the PCA supply?

Answer 2

3 and 4

Question 3

do the corticospinal and corticobulbar run in medial or lateral portions of the brainstem?

Answer 3

medial…except in midbrain where they are in cerebral peduncle

Question 4

does the dorsal column medial lemniscus run in medial or lateral portion of the brainstem?

Answer 4

medial in all portions

Question 5

is the spinothalamic tract in medial or lateral portion of the brainstem?

Answer 5

depends on the part of the stem

Question 6

where is the spinothalamic tract in the pons?

Answer 6

just lateral to the DCLM

Question 7

what vessel covers the spinothalamic tract in the pons?

Answer 7

AICA

Question 8

where is the spinothalamic tract in the medulla?

Answer 8

lateral and posterior

Question 9

what vessel supplies the spinothalamic tract in the medulla?

Answer 9

PICA

Question 10

name the three nuclei of cranial nerves to know in the midbrain?

Answer 10

edinger westphal nucleus
occulomotor nucleus
trochlear nucleus

Question 11

if CN 3 is injured, what happens to the eye? 3 things

Answer 11

eyelid droops
eye moves down and out
pupil dilates

Question 12

if CN 4 is injured what happens to the eye?

Answer 12

eye moves up and in

Question 13

what are the four main nuclei of cranial nerves in the pons

Answer 13

cochlear/vestibular
spinal trigeminal
abducens
facial nucleus

Question 14

the spinal trigeminal nuclei carries info for what four cranial nerves?

Answer 14

5,7,9,10

Question 15

is spinal trigeminal nuclei in medial or lateral portion of pons?

Answer 15

lateral

Question 16

is the facial nucleus in medial or lateral portion of the pons/

Answer 16

lateral

Question 17

is the abducens nuclei in the medial or lateral portion of the pons?

Answer 17

medial

Question 18

is the vestibulocochlear nuclei in lateral or medial portion of the pons?

Answer 18

lateral

Question 19

what three nuclei does the AICA provide in the pons?

Answer 19

spinal trigeminal
facila
vestibulocochlear

Question 20

what nuclei does the pontine provide in the pons?

Answer 20

abducens

Question 21

what cranial nerve is affected in medial pontine vascular syndrome?

Answer 21

abducens

Question 22

what happens to eye in medial pontine syndrome?

Answer 22

imparied movement of lateral rectus so when looking left with left eye and left injury the eyes stays in center

Question 23

what other tracts aside from CN VI are affected with medial pontine syndrome?

Answer 23

corticospinal tract and DCML

Question 24

what are symptoms of medial pontine syndrome?

Answer 24

CN VI issue ipsilateral
Contralateral loss of fine touch, vibration
Contralateral weakness of skeletal muscle

Question 25

what three nuclei of CNs will be affected in lateral pontine syndrome?

Answer 25

vestibulocochlear facial spinal trigeminal

Question 26

what will loss of spinal trigeminal nuclei in lateral pontine syndrome result in?

Answer 26

ipsilateral impaired pain/temp sensation in face

Question 27

what will loss of facial nerve in lateral pontine syndrome result in?

Answer 27

weakness of ipsilateral face and loss of corneal reflex

Question 28

what will loss of vestibulocochlear nuclei lead to in lateral pontine syndrome?

Answer 28

vertigo and ipsilateral deafness

Question 29

what other tracts, aside from CNs will be damaged in lateral pontine syndrome?

Answer 29

spinothalamic tract and hypothalamospinal tract

Question 30

what is result of loss of spinothalamic tract in lateral pontine syndrome?

Answer 30

contralateral loss of pain/temp in body

Question 31

what is result of loss of hypothalamospinal tract in lateral pontine syndrome?

Answer 31

loss of ipsilateral sympathetic innervation to face...horners syndrome

Question 32

what are the four nuclei in the medulla to know?

Answer 32

vestibular nuclei spinal trigeminal still nucleus ambiguus hypoglossal nuclei

Question 33

where is the vestibular nuclei located in the medulla?

Answer 33

dorsolateral portion

Question 34

where is the spinal trigeminal nuclei located in the medulla?

Answer 34

dorsolateral portion

Question 35

where is the nucleus ambiguus located in the medulla?

Answer 35

dorsolateral portion

Question 36

where is the hypoglossal nuclei located in the medulla?

Answer 36

medial portion

Question 37

the PICA serves what three CN nuclei in the medulla?

Answer 37

spinal trigeminal nucleus ambiguus vestibular

Question 38

the anterior spinal serves what CN in the medulla?

Answer 38

hypoglossal

Question 39

in addition to the CNs that the PICA serves in the medulla, what other tracts does it supply?

Answer 39

STT and hypothalamospinal

Question 40

in addition to the CNs that the anterior spinal serves in the medulla, what other tracts does it supply?

Answer 40

DCML and CST and corticobulbar

Question 41

what reflex is associated with medulla?

Answer 41

GAG

Question 42

in medial medullary syndrome, what CN is affected?

Answer 42

hypglossal

Question 43

what is symptom of hypoglossal loss in medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 43

tongue deviation to ipsilateral side of lesion

Question 44

aside from hypoglossal change, what are two other changes found in medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 44

contralateral impairment of fine touch/vibration sensation and contralateral muscle weakness

Question 45

what is symptom of loss of nucleus ambiguus in lateral medullary syndrome?

Answer 45

ipsilateral drooping palate, hoarseness and impaired swallowing with impaired gag reflex

Question 46

what is symptom of loss of spinal trigeminal nucleus in lateral medullary syndrome?

Answer 46

ipsilateral impairment of pain and temperature on the face

Question 47

what is symptom of loss of vestibular nucleus in lateral medullary syndrome?

Answer 47

nystagmus/vertigo/ipsilateral ataxia

Question 48

aside from CN issues with lateral medullary syndrome, what other tracts are affected?

Answer 48

spinothalamic and hypothalamospinal

Question 49

what are symptoms of spinothalamic tract loss in lateral medullary syndrome?

Answer 49

contralateral impairment of pain and temp from body

Question 50

what are symptoms of hypothalamospinal tract loss in lateral medullary syndrome?

Answer 50

horners syndrome ipsilateral

Question 51

what is involved in the nucleus ambiguus?

Answer 51

motor to vagus nerve