Crude oil

Question 1

what is crude oil?

Answer 1

a mixture of hydrocarbons

Question 2

how is crude oil made?

Answer 2

• oil is heated until a gas
• gases enter fractioning column
• longer hydrocarbons have high boiling points
• they condense near the bottom

Question 3

where is crude oil made?

Answer 3

in a fractioning column

Question 4

what do the bubble caps do?

Answer 4

they stop the separated liquids from running back down the column and remixing

Question 5

give the order of fractions from the top, down

Answer 5

refinery
gasoline
naphtha
kerosene
diesel
fuel oil
bitumen

Question 6

refinery gas

Answer 6

• bottled gas
• heating
• pottery and glass manufacture

Question 7

gasoline

Answer 7

fuel for cars

Question 8

naphtha

Answer 8

-chemical industry to make: plastics, dyes, drugs, explosives, paints etc

Question 9

kerosene

Answer 9

• jet engines
• domestic heating
• paint solvent

Question 10

diesel

Answer 10

-fuel for diesel engines in cars, trucks, trains, boats etc

Question 11

fuel oil

Answer 11

• domestic central heating

- fuel for big ships

Question 12

bitumen

Answer 12

• road surfacing

- asphalt for roofs

Question 13

fractional distillation produces more… and fewer…

Answer 13

long-chain hydrocarbons, short-chain hydrocarbons

Question 14

long chain hydrocarbons have…

Answer 14

• high boiling points

- are viscous

Question 15

what is cracking?

Answer 15

a form of thermal decomposition

Question 16

conditions for cracking:

Answer 16

• 600-700 degrees Celcius

- silica and alumia