CVD Flashcards
(15 cards)
CVD is precipitated by what?
Blood clots
Artherosclerosis
What are examples of modifiable risk factors?
Smoking, diet, exercise, alcohol, weight
Non modifiable risk factors?
Age, male, genetics, south Asian?
What are examples of co- morbidities
Hypertension
CKD
Diabetes
Influenza
Mental health
Dyslipidaemia
What’s the relation between Q risk and CVD
If 10 year risk is greater than 10% - we are to offer lifestyle advice and primary prevention of 20mg statins (Atorv 20mg OD)
CVD is by definition what?
A group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,caused by artherlosclerosis and thrombosis (eg.MI,CHD),stroke, peripheral arterial disease and aortic disease, hypertension
What are the aims of treatment?
To prevent CVD by reducing modifiable risk factors through life style changes and drug management
Exam question potential- what is the cardiovascular disease risk assessment tool?
QRISK - it is used to determine if statins should be given for primary prevention. We give the statins if 10 year risk is greater than 10%
Types of tools
QRISK 2, then updated to QRISK 3 - includes CKD,Migraines, mental health and erectile, they check for 10 year risk.
JBS3 - in the UK = estimates lifetime risk
Assign = used in Scotland - estimates 10 year risk
CVD calculations are used to do what?
They’re used to predict the approximate likelihood of a cardiovascular event occurring over a given period of time
What do we do if we have a patient that is high risk?
No need to calculate anything, they’re not appropriate as it will under estimate and these patients, we just have to give primary prevention.
Who are these patients? Type 1 diabetes, established CVD, CKD, Familial hypercholestoraemia, risk will also increase with age so if they’re 85 y/0 and a smoker with hypertension
Lipid lowering drugs(STATINS) as prevention? Primary and secondary
Primary (before event)- Low dose statin
Secondary(after event) - YES!
Antihypertensives - primary and secondary prevention?
Primary - YES, Only high risk pts and with a BP over 140/90
Secondary - yes and again only above 140/90
Antiplatelets CVD Primary and secondary prevention ( examples of anti platelets - aspirin,clopidogrel,dipyramidole)
Primary prevention = nope
Secondary prevention = yES
KEY THINGS to Remember
Aspirin is not recommended
Antihypertensives - are only offered at high risk and those with 140/90 BP
Lipid lowering drugs - low dose atrovastatin only when 10 year risk is greater than 10%
Aim is to reduces non HDL cholesterol by more than 40%
