Cytokines Flashcards
(20 cards)
IL-1
Secreted by Macrophages
Increase neutrophil and macrophage migration
Increase FEVER, acute phase reactants and shock
[HOT] T bone stEAK
IL-2
Secreted by ALL T cells
Stimulates Activation and proliferation of ALL T cells (helper, cytotoxic, regulatory)
Stimulates NK Cells and macrophage activity.
Stimulates B cell growth
Hot [T] bone stEAK
IL-3
Secreted by ALL T cells
Supports growth and differentiation of BONE MARROW STEM CELLS = Increase HEMATOPOIESIS.
Functions like GM-CSF
Hot T [BONE] stEAK
IL-4
Secreted by Th2 cells Induces differentiation into Th2 cells. Promotes growth of B cells. Enhances class switching to IgE* and IgG
Hot T bone st[E]AK
IL-5
Secreted by Th2 cells
Enhances class switching to IgA*. Stimulated growth and differentiation of EOSINOPHILS
Promotes differentiation of B cells.
Hot T bone stE[A]K
IL-6
Secreted by Macrophages
Causes fever and stimulates production of ACUTE PHASE REACTANTS. Increases T and B cell growth. Stimulates Osteoclast activity.
Hot T bone stEA[K]= AKute phase protein
IL-8
Secreted by Macrophages and T cells
Stimulates NEUTROPHIL activation and chemotaxis–> pus
“Clean up on aisle 8”: Neutrophils are recruited by IL-8 to clear infections.
IL-10
Secreted by Th2 cells, regulatory T cells, and Macrophages ANTI-INFLAMMATORY. DECREASES expression of MHC class II and Th1 cytokines. Decrease cell-mediated immunity. Inhibits (APCS) activated macrophages and dendritic cells. Increased B cell function. Decrease Th1 differentiation.
“TGF- B and IL-10 both atTENuate the immune response”
IL-12
Secreted by Macrophages
Induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells. Activates NK cells & CD8+ T cell activity
TNF alpha
Secreted by Macrophages
Mediates SEPTIC SHOCK, fever, acute phase reactants. Increases inflammation and cell-mediated immunity. Causes WBC recruitment, vascular leak. Causes CACHEXIA in Malignancy
IFN Gamma
Secreted by Th1 cells and NK cells
Increase intracellular KILLING by macrophages
INCREASES MHC Class I & II expression
Increase Th1 differentiation
IFN Alpha and Beta
Interferons are GLYCOPROTEINS synthesized by VIRUS-INFECTED cells that act locally on uninfected cells, “PRIMING THEM” for viral defense by helping to SELECTIVELY DEGRADE VIRAL NUCLEIC ACID and protein.
A part of innate host defense against both RNA and DNA VIRUSES.
Results in APOPTOSIS, thereby disrupting viral amplification
Pro-inflammatory cytokines
IL-2, IL-3, TNF alpha, Gamma interferon
Anti-inflammatory cytokine
IL-10
C3a
Along with C4a and C5a, inflammatory anaphylotoxins that trigger HISTAMINE RELEASE from mast cells, resulting in vasodilation and enhanced permeability. Recruits and activates EOSINOPHILS and BASOPHILS (not neutrophils)
C5a
Along with C3a and C4a, inflammatory anaphylotoxins that trigger HISTAMINE release from mast cells, resulting in vasodilation and enhanced permeability. Recruits and Activates NEUTROPHILS, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
Leukotriene C4, D4, E4
Triggers intense vasoconstriction, increased vascular permeability and BRONCHOSPASM
Leukotriene B4
Along with 5-HETE (the leukotriene precursor), stimulate NEUTROPHIL MIGRATION to the site of inflammation
TGF beta
Secreted by Most cell types
DECREASES immune cell function
Increases matrix synthesis and angiogenesis
GM-CSF
Secreted by T cells and macrophages
Increase growth and differentiation of MYELOID PROGENITORS
