Cytology

Question 1

Squamous

Answer 1

Flat and thin

Question 2

Cuboidal

Answer 2

Cube

Question 3

Columnar

Answer 3

Tall and thin

Question 4

Basic components of a cell

Answer 4

Cell membrane
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm

Question 5

Cytoplasm composition

Answer 5

Cytosol
Organelles

Question 6

Cell surface components

Answer 6

Plasma membrane
Surface extensions

Question 7

Plasma membrane functions

Answer 7

Shape
Protection
Communication
Transport

Question 8

Membrane lipids

Answer 8

Phospholipid bilayer
- semi permeable
Cholesterol
Glycolipids

Question 9

Membrane protein functions

Answer 9

Receptors
Enzymes
Ion channels
Gated ion channels
Cell identity markers
Cell adhesion molecules

Question 10

Surface extensions

Answer 10

Microvilli
Cilia
Flagella

Question 11

Membrane transport mechanisms

Answer 11

Active
Passive

Question 12

Organelle types

Answer 12

Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi complex
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Mitochondria
Centrioles

Question 13

Cytosol

Answer 13

Fluid in the cell (intercellular fluid)

Question 14

Organelles

Answer 14

Facilitate specific functions

Question 15

Microvilli

Answer 15

Increase surface area (absorption)

Question 16

Cilia

Answer 16

Non-motile (sensory)
Motile (propel fluid)

Question 17

Flagella

Answer 17

Tail of sperm

Question 18

Membrane transport mechanisms

Answer 18

Filtration
Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Carrier-mediated transport
- facilitated diffusion
- active transport
Vesicular transport
- endocytosis
- exocytosis

Question 19

Filtration

Answer 19

Pressure

Question 20

Simple diffusion

Answer 20

High concentration to low

Question 21

Osmosis

Answer 21

High water concentration to low

Question 22

Carrier-mediated transport
- facilitated diffusion
- active transport

Answer 22

Uses transmembrane proteins
- through protein w no ATP
- through protein w ATP

Question 23

Vesicular transport
- endocytosis
- exocytosis

Answer 23

Transports large molecules
(Uses ATP)
- moves substances into cell
- moves substances out of cell

Question 24

Nucleus

Answer 24

• Control center
• Contains DNA
• Surrounded by nuclear envelope
• contains nucleolus

Question 25

Nucleolus

Answer 25

Produces ribosomes

Question 26

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 26

System of channels (cisternae) - rough and smooth

Question 27

Rough ER

Answer 27

- Continuous w nuclear envelope - covered with ribosomes (site of protein production)

Question 28

Smooth ER

Answer 28

- continuous with rough ER - no ribosomes - helps detox cytoplasm

Question 29

Ribosomes

Answer 29

Read genetic info and produces peptides and proteins

Question 30

Golgi complex

Answer 30

- Stacks of cisternae - finishes proteins and synthesis carbs into ATP - golgi vesicles transport products

Question 31

Lysosomes

Answer 31

- specialized golgi vesicle - hollow pockets contains digestive enzymes - travel through cell and break down unwanted material

Question 32

Peroxisomes

Answer 32

- Resemble lysosomes - produced by endoplasmic reticulum - detox Cytosol

Question 33

Mitochondria

Answer 33

- oval w internal folds - synthesized ATP

Question 34

Centrioles

Answer 34

- short, cylindrical, assembly of microtubules - found in pairs perpendicular to each other - used in cell division