Male Reproductive

Question 1

Semen

Answer 1

Fluid expelled during ejaculation
Contains sperm and secretions produced by accessory glands

Question 2

Seminal fluid

Answer 2

60% of semen
Contains:
Fructose- energy
Citrate- neutralize acids
Prostaglandins- stimulate uterus

Question 3

Prostate fluid

Answer 3

30% of semen
Contains:
Calcium, citrate, phosphates- elevate pH
Clotting enzymes- help sperm adhere to the female reproductive tract

Question 4

Bulbourethral fluid

Answer 4

In semen
Lubrication

Question 5

Spermatogenesis

Answer 5

Occurs in the germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules
Starts in puberty and goes till death
Takes several months for sperm to mature
Starts with one cell and ends with four

Question 6

Stages of a sperm cell life

Answer 6

Primordial germ cell
Spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes
Secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids

Question 7

Spermiogenesis

Answer 7

Maturation of sperm cells (spermatids) and addition of flagellum

Question 8

Primordial germ cells

Answer 8

Diploid/two end condition
During fetal development these cells develop further to become spermatogonia

Question 9

Spermatogonia

Answer 9

Remain dormant in the testes until puberty
Hormones cause Spermatogonia to divide by mitosis to make additional Spermatogonia
Some Spermatogonia from the germinal epithelium move btw stealer cells and cross the blood/testes barrier becoming primary spermatocytes

Question 10

Primary spermatocytes

Answer 10

Still diploid/two end condition
Hormones cause mitosis 1 splitting the nucleus
Two daughter cells called secondary spermatocytes are formed

Question 11

Secondary spermatocytes

Answer 11

Each has half of the original chromosomes to become haploid/end condition
Automatically undergo mitosis 2 and become two haploid cells called spermatids

Question 12

Spermatids

Answer 12

Final form of sperm

Question 13

Parts of a mature sperm cell

Answer 13

Head
Midpiece
Tail

Question 14

Head of a sperm cell

Answer 14

Has a haploid nucleus and a cap of digestive enzymes known as acrosome (used during fertilization

Question 15

Midpiece of a sperm cell

Answer 15

Contains numerous mitochondria that are required to provide energy for movement

Question 16

Flagella

Answer 16

Propels the sperm

Question 17

Male genitalia

Answer 17

Scrotum
Spermatic ducts
Penis

Question 18

Penis

Answer 18

External organ that transfers semen to the female reproductive tract

Question 19

Three layers of erectile tissue

Answer 19

Corpus spongiosum
Corpus cavernosum x2

Question 20

Corpus cavernosum

Answer 20

Dorsal erectile bodies

Question 21

Corpus spongiosum

Answer 21

Central column
Encloses the urethra

Question 22

Spermatic ducts

Answer 22

Epididymis
Ductus deferens
Ejaculatory duct

Question 23

Epididymis

Answer 23

Site of sperm maturation and storage

Question 24

Sperm in the epididymis

Answer 24

Takes 20 days for sperm to travel from one end of the epididymis to the distal end for storage
Once stored, viable for 40-60 days

Question 25

Ductus deferens

Answer 25

Carries sperm from the epididymis to the abdominal pelvic cavity where it will unite with the seminal vesicle in that side

Question 26

Ejaculatory duct

Answer 26

Where the duct from the seminal vesicles and the ductus deferens merge Carries semen through he prostate gland and into the urethra

Question 27

Parts of the scrotum

Answer 27

Testes Spermatic cord x2 Dartos muscle Cremaster muscle Epididymis

Question 28

Cremaster muscle

Answer 28

Surrounds the spermatic cords Pull testes closer to the body

Question 29

Dartos muscle

Answer 29

Surrounds the spermatic cords Pull testes closer to the body

Question 30

Spermatic cords

Answer 30

Ductus deferens Blood vessels Nerves Lymphatic vessels

Question 31

Testes - seminiferous tubules

Answer 31

Lined w/ germinal epithelium - gives rise to sperm cells Sustentacular cells Interstitial cells Lumen - hollow space running through each tubule

Question 32

Sustentacular cells - in the testes

Answer 32

Protect and support germinal epithelium

Question 33

Interstitial cells in the testes

Answer 33

Primary source of testosterone