DAT REVIEW FINAL

Question 1

Schizocoeloms

Answer 1

separation of mesodermal cells during development.

Question 2

Enterocoeloms

Answer 2

outpocketing of the embryonic gut into mesodermal space.

Question 3

what happens during diastole

Answer 3

atria contract
av valves open
closing of semilunar valves

Question 4

what happens during the systole phase

Answer 4

ventricles contract
av valves close
semilunar valves open

Question 5

function of yeast under anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

oxidize NADH to NAD+

Question 6

cholecyotokinin is what

Answer 6

hormone

Question 7

cholecystokinin stimulates what

Answer 7

1. gall bladder to release bile
2. pancreas to release lipases
3. decreases the motility of the stomach to provide more time for duodenum to digest fat

Question 8

desmosomes

Answer 8

cell to cell adhesion

Question 9

hemidesmosomes

Answer 9

cell to ECM connection

Question 10

product of light dependent reaction

Answer 10

O2, ATP, NADPH

Question 11

product of light independent reaction

Answer 11

Glucose, ADP, NADP+

Question 12

hypothalamus controls what

Answer 12

thirst hunger sleep and temp

Question 13

DNA polymerase always elongates in what direction

Answer 13

5 to 3

Question 14

Cadet stands for

Answer 14

carbon dioxide
acid
2,3 diphosphoglycerate
Exercise
Temperature

Question 15

An increase in Cadet will shift in what direction

Answer 15

right

Question 16

decrease in cadet will shift in what direction

Answer 16

left

Question 17

what initiates membrane potentials

Answer 17

release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction which triggers an action potential

Question 18

where does translocations happen

Answer 18

elongation of translation

Question 19

3 stop codons

Answer 19

UGA UAA UAG

Question 20

name the steps for alternation of generation

Answer 20

sporophyte - meiosis - spores - mitosis - gametophyte - gametes - zygote - mitosis - sporophyte

Question 21

another name for hypodermis

Answer 21

subcutaneous tissue

Question 22

what is oxidative phosphorylation (made up of what two things)

Answer 22

made up of electron transport chain and chemiosmosis (diffusion of ions across a semi permeable membrane)

Question 23

reflex arc

Answer 23

muscle movement coordinated by the spinal cord instead of the brain

Question 24

concentric contraction

Answer 24

muscle shortened

Question 25

eccentric contraction

Answer 25

muscle is lengthened

Question 26

isometric contraction

Answer 26

muscle tenses but length reamins the same

Question 27

Anterior pituitary produces what

Answer 27

``` FLAT HP FSH LH ACTH TSH HGH prolactin ```

Question 28

posterior pituitary produces what

Answer 28

oxytocin and ADH

Question 29

pineal gland produces what

Answer 29

melatonin

Question 30

steps for embryonic development

Answer 30

``` zygote morula (solid ball) blastula (hollow sphere of cells) bastocyst gastrula (3 layers formed) replaces the hollow sphere ```

Question 31

what two hormones have negative feedback on the hypothalamaus and pituitary gland?

Answer 31

estrogen and progestoerone

Question 32

bacteria naming hints

Answer 32

``` staph = grape like clustes diplo = pairs strep = chain coccus = spherical bacillus = rod like ```

Question 33

antibodies such as IgG does what

Answer 33

destroy antigens by binding to them with one of their variable binding sites.

Question 34

what is the variable sites of IgG (relates to all the other ones..)called?

Answer 34

hypervariable region contains residues that binds to corresponding antigens

Question 35

bile is made where? stored? and secreted through what tube?

Answer 35

liver gallbladder common bile duct

Question 36

def of nondisjunction

Answer 36

failure of one or more chromosome pairs to separate properly during anaphase. ends up producing daughter cells with the incorrect number of chromosomes.

Question 37

function of aldoesterone

Answer 37

increase Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion, H20 reabsorption, increase blood volume and blood pressure (targets the kidneY)

Question 38

bacterial cell walls are made out of what

Answer 38

peptidoglycan

Question 39

ligaments connect what

Answer 39

bone to bone

Question 40

tendons connect what

Answer 40

muscle to bone

Question 41

what cells secrete glucagon which raises blood sugar?

Answer 41

alpha cells

Question 42

what cells secrete insulin which lowers the blood sugar

Answer 42

beta cells

Question 43

hypothyroidism

Answer 43

reduced matabolic rate - lethargy - weight gain low heart and respiratory rate

Question 44

hyperthyroidism

Answer 44

increased metabolic rate - hyperactivity - weight loss - anxiousness