data interpretation Flashcards
Which type of study is being described?
17 GDPs recruited 132 children (3-10) with caries affecting matched pairs of asymptomatic primary molar teeth. One tooth was allocated to restoration with the intervention, the Hall Technique and the contralateral tooth was treated using the restorative technique the GDP would usually choose for that case.
- case control
- experimental
- randomised control trial
- systematic review
- narrative review
Randomised Control Trial
Which type of study is being described?
Lacrimal acinar cells were isolated by collagnase digestion from adult male outbred Swiss mice killed by cervical dislocation. Cells were allowed to attach to a plastic petri dish and the whole cell patch clamp configuration was achieved with single cells. Cells were voltage-clamped using the list EPC7 patch-clamp amplifier and K+ and Cl- currents were measured using a pulse protocol.
- case control
- experimental
- randomised control trial
- systematic review
- narrative review
Experimental
Which type of study is being described?
MEDLINE, CINAHL, the Social Sciences Citation Index and Health Service Abstracts were searched using the keywords ‘dental health education’, ‘oral health promotion’, ‘effectiveness’ and ‘evaluation’. Studies reporting any oral health promotion intervention were eligible for inclusion provided that they reported an evaluative component.
- case control
- experimental
- randomised control trial
- systematic review
- narrative review
Systematic Review
Which type of study is being described?
Patients with a putative diagnosis of infective endocarditis ere identified by hospital personnel and reported to study nurses, who also actively sought cases. One (age and sex matched) control from the community was selected for each case-patient by using a modification of the Waksberg random-digit dialling method.
- case control
- experimental
- randomised control trial
- systematic review
- narrative review
Case Control Study
Which type of study is being described?
We searched the dental literature with Medline/Pub med with an emphasis on peer-reviewed journals and Science Citation Index Expanded. Key words used were epilepsy, dental, seizure and prosthodontic treatment. We also scrutinised common textbooks on removable and fixed prosthodontics.
- case control
- experimental
- randomised control trial
- systematic review
- narrative review
Narrative Review
Reading a Violin Plot
What part of the plot represents the mid point of an ordered data set?
- Max
- Q3 + 1.5 IQR
- Q3
- IQR
- Q2
- Mode
- Q1
- Min
Q2
Reading a Violin Plot
Which part of the plot represents the spread of the central 50% of the data and is a measure of variability?
- Max
- Q3 + 1.5 IQR
- Q3
- IQR
- Q2
- Mode
- Q1
- Min
IQR (interquartile range)
Reading a Violin Plot
Which part of the plot is the population density function maximum?
- Max
- Q3 + 1.5 IQR
- Q3
- IQR
- Q2
- Mode
- Q1
- Min
Mode - the value at which the probability density function f(x) is at a maximum.
Reading a Violin Plot
Which part of the plot indicates a point above which data may be described as outliers?
- Max
- Q3 + 1.5 IQR
- Q3
- IQR
- Q2
- Mode
- Q1
- Min
Q3 + 1.5 IQR
Reading a Violin Plot
What part of the plot, being less than the median, indicates a positive skew to the dataset.
- Max
- Q3 + 1.5 IQR
- Q3
- IQR
- Q2
- Mode
- Q1
- Min
Mode
Statistical or Experimental Bias
Conflict of interest statement: Dr Bhatt reported serving as the REDUCE-IT chair and receiving grants from Amarin, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eisai, Roche, Pfizer, Ischemix, Amgen etc.
- funding bias
- nonresponse bias
- observer bias
- omitted variable bias
- survivorship bias
Funding Bias
Statistical or Experimental Bias
Inviting teenagers to participate in a home-sent postal survey, as opposed to mandatory participation during school time.
- funding bias
- nonresponse bias
- observer bias
- omitted variable bias
- survivorship bias
Nonresponse Bias
Statistical or Experimental Bias
Contemporary Predictive Analytics models work on the principle of ‘what happened in the past will happen in the future’.
- funding bias
- nonresponse bias
- observer bias
- omitted variable bias
- survivorship bias
Omitted variable bias.
Statistical or Experimental Bias
The Hawthorne effect may be explained on the basis of the novelty of being research subjects and the increased attention from such.
- funding bias
- nonresponse bias
- observer bias
- omitted variable bias
- survivorship bias
Observer Bias
Statistical or Experimental Bias
A study from 1987 based on veterinarian records about cats falling out of buildings found that cats who fell from higher stories had fewer injuries than cats who fell from lower down.
- funding bias
- nonresponse bias
- observer bias
- omitted variable bias
- survivorship bias
Survivorship Bias
