Defining antibiotics

Question 1

What is an Antibiotic?

Answer 1

It is a medicine that inhibits growth of or destroys microorganisms. Powerful medicines that fight bacterial infections

Question 2

9 classes of antibiotics common in Dentistry

FATSNBML

Answer 2

Beta-lactem (Penicillins and Cephalsporins)

Macrolides

Lincosmides

Tetracyclines

Aminoglycosides

Fluoroquinolones

Sulphonamide

Nitroimidazole

Question 3

Basic structure of bacteria

Answer 3

Cell wall
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Circular DNA :RNA synthesis
:Ribosomes = protein synthesis

Gram positive bacteria: thick cell wall and thin cell membrane

Gram negative bacteria: inner and outer cell membrane and in between the two, a thin cell wall

Question 4

Area where antibiotics affect the bacteria (relating to its structure)

Answer 4

Cell membrane
Cell wall
DNA synthesis
Protein synthesis
Folic acid metabolism

Question 5

Two ways antibiotics affect bacteria

Answer 5

Bactericidal = Kills the bacteria
Fluoroquinolones and Beta-lactems

Bacteriostatic = Inhibits bacterial growth

Question 6

Mechanisms of action(MOA) of antibiotics

Answer 6

1. Inhibit cell wall synthesis
   Beta-lactems (Penicillins and Cephalsporins)
2. Inhibit protein synthesis
   -Inhibit 50s unit (Macrolides, Lincosimide, Chloramphenicol)
   -Inhibit 30s unit(Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines)
3. Inhibit DNA synthesis
   Fluoroquinolones
4. Inhibit folic acid metabolism
   Sulfonamides