Dentistry

Question 1

What systemic issues can stem from dental disease

Answer 1

Cardio, digestive, and renal

Question 2

What are signs of dental disease

Answer 2

Persistent bad breath, easily bleeding gums, sensitivity around tooth, pawing at mouth, gums are red, inflamed, hyperplastic, or receeding, loss of appetite, stomach or intestinal upset, drooling, purulent exudate (pus) around tooth, loose or missing teeth, difficulty chewing or eating, and irritability or depression

Question 3

What is plaque composed of

Answer 3

Food, debris, salivary glycoproteins, and bacteria

Question 4

What can plaque accumulation cause if left untreated

Answer 4

Progressive destruction of the periodontium, ulcerative gingivitis, loose teeth, dental abscesses, and severe/systemic infections

Question 5

What is the outer layer of the tooth below the gumline

Answer 5

Cementum

Question 6

What is the split between 2 roots

Answer 6

Furcation

Question 7

What is the alveolar bone

Answer 7

A support structure for the tooth under the gum line and cortical bone and makes the tooth socket

Question 8

What is the periodontal ligament

Answer 8

Surrounds root and attaches tooth to socket

Question 9

What are the 4 structures of the periodontium

Answer 9

Gingiva, periodonatl ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone

Question 10

What is endodontics

Answer 10

W/in the tooth such as root canals or procedure w/in the tooth

Question 11

What is malocculsion

Answer 11

Bad lining of the tooth

Question 12

What is tartar/calculus

Answer 12

Hard plaque

Question 13

What means towards the lips

Answer 13

Labial

Question 14

What means towards the gums

Answer 14

Buccal

Question 15

What means towards the midline of the mouth

Answer 15

Mesial

Question 16

What means away from the midline of the mouth

Answer 16

Distal

Question 17

What is the contact surface of the tooth

Answer 17

The surface of the tooth that makes contact w/ another tooth

Question 18

What is the occlusal surface of the tooth

Answer 18

The chewing surface of the tooth

Question 19

What is grade 1 dental disease

Answer 19

Gingivitis this can be reversible

Question 20

What is grade 2 dental disease

Answer 20

Adv gingivitis/early periodontitis this is reversible but this is when we want to recommend a dental

Question 21

What is grade 3 dental disease

Answer 21

Periodontitis, tooth is mobile, extractions needed, and possible frucation is exposed

Question 22

What is grade 4 dental disease

Answer 22

Adv periodontitis, nacrotic gum, frucation present, and definitely mobile tooth

Question 23

What is the adult cat dental formulas

Answer 23

2(I3/3, C1/1, P3/2, M1/1) = 30 teeth

Question 24

What is the deciduous cat dental formulas

Answer 24

2d (I3/3, C1/1, P3/2) = 26 teeth

Question 25

What is the adult dog dental formulas

Answer 25

2(I3/3, C1/1, P4/4, M2/3) = 42 teeth

Question 26

What is the deciduous dog dental formulas

Answer 26

2d(I3/3, C1/1, P3/3) = 28 teeth

Question 27

What are the 2 nerve blocks we primarily use for dentals

Answer 27

Mental foramen and infraorbital foramen

Question 28

How does the mental foramen nerve block affect patients

Answer 28

Prevents sensation of the ipsilateral rostral lower lip from the labial frenulum rostrally

Question 29

How does infraorbital foramen nerve block affect patients

Answer 29

Prevents sensation from the tip of the needle rostrally on the ipsilateral maxilla

Question 30

What does prophylaxis mean

Answer 30

Prevention of disease

Question 31

What PPE is required while doing a dental

Answer 31

Gloves, mask, and goggles

Question 32

What do we do to protect a patient during dentals

Answer 32

ET tube and angle the head

Question 33

What are the steps of a dental

Answer 33

Intraoral and extraoral examination, measure gingival sulcus depth, subgingival curettage, ultrasonic scaling, polishing, rinse, reprobe, explore, and sealant/flouride

Question 34

What should be looked for in the intraoral exam

Answer 34

Ulcers, gingivitis, tumors, foreign bodies, malocclusions, gum recession, calculus buildup, glossitis, loose/fractured/missing teeth, and retained deciduous teeth

Question 35

What should we look for in the extraoral exam

Answer 35

Retropulsion of the globes, symmetry, wounds, discharge, salivary glands, and lymph nodes

Question 36

How is the gingival sulcus depth measured

Answer 36

Using the calibrated periodontal probe parallel to the long axis of the tooth and work completely around the tooth

Question 37

What is the normal gingival sulcus depth

Answer 37

0-3 mm in dogs and 0-1 mm in cats

Question 38

What does an abnormal gingival sulcus depth indicate

Answer 38

Peridontisis w/ the periodontal ligament possibly being destroyed and the alveolar bone possibly being reabsorbed

Question 39

What is the most important part of a dental

Answer 39

Subgingival curettageWhat s

Question 40

What is the subgingival curettage step

Answer 40

Removing plaque from below the gum line if this is not removed it will continue to release the bacteria

Question 41

What is the ultrasonic scaling step

Answer 41

Using vibrations and water to manually break up the hardened tartat

Question 42

What is important to avoid during the ultrasonic scaling step

Answer 42

Excessive heat and thermal damage by using constant motion and never putting the tip at 90 degrees directly on the tooth

Question 43

What is the maximum length of time an ultrasonic scaler can be used on a tooth

Answer 43

15 seconds

Question 44

Where can an ultrasonic scaler be used

Answer 44

Supragingivally only

Question 45

How do you set up an ultrasonic scaler

Answer 45

Power off, get stream of water, and then turn power on until it looks good

Question 46

What is the polishing step

Answer 46

Smooth pits, scratches, and irregular surfaces found on the tooth caused by the rest of the dental to make it harder for bacteria to colonize and adhere to the tooth

Question 47

Where on the tooth does polishing occur

Answer 47

Sub and supragingivally

Question 48

How long can each tooth be polished to avoid thermal damage

Answer 48

5 seconds

Question 49

What is the rinse step

Answer 49

Rinse w/ antimicrobial dental rinse to remove excess polish paste and leave a coating on the teeth

Question 50

What is the reprobe step

Answer 50

This checks for any large pockets that could have been held together by tarter or plaque that was removed

Question 51

What is the explore step

Answer 51

Use an shepherds hook to run over each tooth to detect surface abnormalities like leftover tartar, caries, or feline odontoclastic reabosrptive lesions (FORL)

Question 52

Where is the explore step done

Answer 52

On the crown down to the gum line

Question 53

What is the sealant/flouride step

Answer 53

Strengthen enamel and decrease sensitivity