Developmental- Developing as a learner

Question 1

three areas of brain that develop after conception

Answer 1

hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain

Question 2

which areas grow fastest in a newborn

Answer 2

primary sensory and motor cortex, brain stem, cerebellum

Question 3

why do particular areas of a newborn brain grow particularly fast

Answer 3

associated with movement, touch and emotion

Question 4

Why do teenagers seem more impulsive and less self-aware than adults?

Answer 4

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is the latest area of the brain to develop, linked to impulse control and decision making

Question 5

two studies for brain development

Answer 5

giedd et al 2004
chugani 1999

Question 6

key thinker behind individual cognitive development

Answer 6

piaget

Question 7

what did Piaget believe

Answer 7

Children learn ‘developmentally appropriate’ skills by interacting with their social and physical environment when they are biologically ready

Question 8

what is Piaget’s theory based upon

Answer 8

constructivist approach to learning

Question 9

what is active learning

Answer 9

a type of learning where the child is at the centre of the learning experience- engage with the world around them

Question 10

what is the first stage of piagets theory

Answer 10

sensorimotor stage

Question 11

time period of the sensorimotor stage

Answer 11

birth until 2 years

Question 12

three features of the sensorimotor stage

Answer 12

simple reflexes
development of senses
development of object permanence

Question 13

study for object permanence

Answer 13

baillargeon 1986

Question 14

piaget’s time frames of object permanence

Answer 14

• 4 months- none, hidden object doesn’t exist
• 8-12 months, hidden objects exist where they are first hidden
• 18-24, hidden objects exist even if moved to another place

Question 15

what is time frame of preoperational stage

Answer 15

2 years old to seven years old

Question 16

what is stage two of piaget’s development

Answer 16

preoperational stage

Question 17

three features of preoperational stage

Answer 17

• Egocentric, speech develops, symbolic thinking develops, pretend play, conservation of matter

Question 18

studies for preoperational stage

Answer 18

piaget and inhelder 1956
hughes 1975`
li et al 1999

Question 19

stage 3 of piaget’s theory of development

Answer 19

concrete operational

Question 20

time frame of concrete operational

Answer 20

7-11yo

Question 21

two features of concrete operational stage

Answer 21

child can take the view of another
can do the water conversion task

Question 22

last stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development

Answer 22

formal operational stage

Question 23

time frame of formal operational stage

Answer 23

12-20

Question 24

features of formal operational

Answer 24

abstract and symbolic thinking develops
development is complete

Question 25

2 strengths of Piaget's theory

Answer 25

research has consistently supported the progression of cognitive development as outlines by Piaget and has cross cultural support

Question 26

2 limitations of Piaget's theory

Answer 26

the ages at which the stages begin has been criticised and also the theory is descriptive rather than explanatory

Question 27

key thinker in social cognitive development

Answer 27

Vygotsky

Question 28

what was Vygotsky's approach?

Answer 28

cognitive development was a result of interaction between an individual child and the physical world

Question 29

what leads to development- vygotsky

Answer 29

social interaction with a more knowledgeable other

Question 30

what is the zone of proximal development

Answer 30

learner can do unaided, surrounded by zone of proximal development (learner can do with guidance), and the learner cannot do

Question 31

what is a more knowledgeable other

Answer 31

- Is the helper in the zone of proximal development - Anyone who has a better understanding of the concept rather than the learner

Question 32

why does vygotsky think playing is so important

Answer 32

allows children to take on roles they wouldn't otherwise take on

Question 33

what did vygotsky believe about language development

Answer 33

is paralleled with the stages of cognitive development

Question 34

what is stage one of vygotsky's theory

Answer 34

preintellectual speech `

Question 35

what is part of preintellectual speech

Answer 35

crying, laughter and gesturing as primary forms of communication later babbling

Question 36

what is stage two of vygotsky

Answer 36

autonomous speech

Question 37

part of autonomous speech:

Answer 37

from 12 months onwards, inventing and mimicking words

Question 38

third stage of vygotsky development

Answer 38

naive speech

Question 39

naive speech:

Answer 39

between 18-24 months, 'language without grammar'

Question 40

stage 4 of vygotsky development

Answer 40

communicative and egocentric speech

Question 41

communicative and egocentric speech

Answer 41

from 3 years old , communicative speech is with other, conversations rather than call and response, and ask questions - Egocentric speech, children work through problems themselves, private speech when playing alone

Question 42

example of vygotsky in education

Answer 42

reggio emilia approach

Question 43

two studies for vygotsky

Answer 43

nichols 1996 winsler 2003 `

Question 44

reggio emelia approach

Answer 44

children are in charge of their own education through play and are driven by curiousity adults are mentors and guides

Question 45

btw you need to learn to compare them

Answer 45

do that