Developmental: Influences on cognitive and social development

Question 1

three studies for peers and play

Answer 1

Hegarty and Waller 2005
Russ et al 1999
Coie and Dodge 1988

Question 2

what are 4 one word developmental benefits of play

Answer 2

physical mental emotional social

Question 3

things a child develops through play

Answer 3

independence
theory of mind
spatial abiity

Question 4

what is theory of mind

Answer 4

ability to look from others’ point of view

Question 5

what is the primary development that play develops?

Answer 5

social development

Question 6

fact about playing

Answer 6

it is a right in the UN convention on the rights of the child

Question 7

what are the two stages of play

Answer 7

practice play
symbolic play

Question 8

what is practice play

Answer 8

Useful behaviour out of usual context, repetition of skills that have been mastered

Question 9

what is symbolic play

Answer 9

two years old, playing pretend, representational thought with substitute objects or actions

Question 10

when can the social effect of peers and play be negative

Answer 10

when children are excluded

Question 11

what do strong peers foster

Answer 11

resilience

Question 12

three studies for poverty and development

Answer 12

Kar 2008
Mani 2013
Evans and Chamberg

Question 13

4 protective factors

Answer 13

stable home
financial stability
access to education
social support group
good nutrition

Question 14

four risk factors

Answer 14

financial instability
poor diet
mental health
abuse
lack of sleep

Question 15

risk factors relevant to poverty and child cognition

Answer 15

• Low birth weight, stress of basic needs not being met, lack of stimulation, poor health

Question 16

protective factors relevant to poverty and children’s cognition

Answer 16

healthy diet
read to as a child
social support

Question 17

what are some limitations of research on the effect of poverty on development

Answer 17

poverty is a relevant term
studies are correlational in nature
samples are not representational
hard to isolate factors

Question 18

positive of poverty research

Answer 18

applications of findings have improved lives and opportunities of many individuals

Question 19

what did evans and Chamberg look at

Answer 19

biological effects of poverty- suggesting a correlation between childhood poverty and stress and adult working memory

Question 20

what is the flynn effect

Answer 20

worldwide IQ scoreshave increased over decades, due to improved nutrition and healthcare

Question 21

three studies for trauma and development

Answer 21

genie case study- Curtiss 1974
rutter 2007
chugani 2001

Question 22

what are ACE’s

Answer 22

adverse childhood experiences-
- Any abuse, neglect or dysfunction that child might have experienced growing up

Question 23

what do effects of ACE’s depend on?

Answer 23

child’s age
duration
gender

Question 24

what is trauma

Answer 24

an emotionally painful shocking stress and sometimes life threatening experience

may or may not involve physical injuries, can result from witnessing events

Question 25

what is long term trauma related to?

Answer 25

deprivation from food love stimulation

Question 26

what did Bowlby propose in 1958

Answer 26

critical period- a sensitive period theory based on evolutionary psychology- children come into the world biologically programmed to form attachments with others

Question 27

contextual study for trauma and development

Answer 27

bowlby 1958

Question 28

two effects of childhood trauma on cognitive development

Answer 28

may cause defects to the brain bosquet enlow et al 2012 found lower IQ scores on cognitive tests on children who experienced neglect and abuse

Question 29

three effects of childhood trauma on social development

Answer 29

failure to make healthy relationships difficulty managing emotions dissociating

Question 30

who argued that ACE have long term health effect problems?

Answer 30

Dr Nadine Burke Harris

Question 31

what does Dr Nadine Burke Harris argue? read this

Answer 31

In the late 1990s, a large study by the CDC and Kaiser Permanente discovered a strong link between childhood trauma (Adverse Childhood Experiences, or ACEs) and major health issues later in life. ACEs include experiences like physical or emotional abuse, neglect, or living with someone with mental illness or addiction. The more ACEs someone has, the higher their risk of problems like heart disease, depression, and even early death. Dr. Nadine Burke Harris emphasizes that ACEs are not just social or emotional issues—they physically affect brain development and the immune system. Chronic stress from childhood trauma keeps the body in a constant "fight or flight" mode, which can damage health over time. She argues this is a public health crisis and calls for routine ACE screening in medical practice to help with early intervention.

Question 32

what should you mention in trauma

Answer 32

what are ACE's what do ACE effects depend on Dr Nadine Burke Harris what is trauma what is long term trauma bowlby 1958 effect of childhood trauma on cognitive development effect of childhood trauma on social development

Question 33

what should you mention for peers and play

Answer 33

benefits of play rights of playing two types of play negative effects of play contrasting piaget and vygotsky

Question 34

things to mention for poverty and development

Answer 34

risk factors protective factors cog dev pov risk factors cog dev pov protective factors limitations of studies related to poverty benefits of studies relating to poverty flynn effect evans and chamberg

Question 35

what should you mention for social cognitive development

Answer 35

what Vygotsky believed more knowledgable other zone of proximal development language development vs cognitive development 4 stages of vgotsky development vygotsky approach in education

Question 36

things to mention in brain development

Answer 36

which areas of the brain form after conception which areas of the brain develop faster why? why are teenagers more impulsive

Question 37

what to mention with individual cognitive development

Answer 37

what did piaget believe active learning contrsuctivism 4 stages object permenance strengths of piaget weaknesses of piaget

Question 38

what is resilience

Answer 38

conditions/ attributes in indiviudals, families, communities, larger society that help people deal effectively with stressful events

Question 39

who identified protective factors with resilience>

Answer 39

werner and smith 2001`

Question 40

two studies for resilience

Answer 40

coan 2006 morgan 2000`

Question 41

what are werner and smith's 6 protective factors

Answer 41

self worth supportive family/friends stable partner region practical skills education