Diabetes

Question 1

DM is a ________ characterized by _________-

Answer 1

syndrome; hyperglycemia

Question 2

HgbA1C that signifies DM

Answer 2

> 6.5%

Question 3

pts with type 1 lose the ability to make ______ and later, _______

Answer 3

insulin and glucagon

Question 4

this type of diabetes is autoimmune

Answer 4

1

Question 5

name of cells responsible for making insulin/glucagon

Answer 5

islet cells

Question 6

type 1 patients are ______ prone

Answer 6

ketosis

Question 7

______ occur prior to the development of type 1

Answer 7

antibodies

Question 8

in type 1, what do the antibodies destroy?

Answer 8

beta cells

Question 9

percentage of people with diabetes who have type 2

Answer 9

90-95%

Question 10

type 2 is most common in __________ groups

Answer 10

non-caucasian

Question 11

in type 2, the body makes __________ but does not respond effectively

Answer 11

insulin

Question 12

abnormal sensitivity –> ____________ –> _______________

Answer 12

hyperinsulinemia; central obesity/metabolic syndrome

Question 13

2 places that fat goes that it shouldn’t be

Answer 13

muscle and liver

Question 14

3 causes of hyperglycemia

Answer 14

1. low levels of insulin
2. high levels of glucagon
3. insulin resistance

Question 15

polydyspia

Answer 15

excessive drinking water

Question 16

polyphagia

Answer 16

excessive eating

Question 17

7 symptoms of hyperglycemia

Answer 17

1. polyuria
2. polydyspia
3. polyphagia
4. weight loss
5. blurred vision
6. muscle fatigue/cramps
7. parathesias

Question 18

two classifications of hypoglycemia symptoms

Answer 18

sympathetic (warning symptoms of impending hypoglycemia)

neuroglycopenia

Question 19

neuroglycopenia

Answer 19

shortage of glucose in the brain

Question 20

6 sympathetic hypo symptoms

Answer 20

1. anxiety
2. sweating
3. tremor
4. tachycardia
5. HTN
6. light headed

Question 21

6 neuroglycopenia symptoms of hypo

Answer 21

1. hunger
2. confusion
3. aggressive behavior
4. memory loss
5. hypothermia
6. coma

Question 22

risk of CVD prior to diagnosis of type 2 is…

Answer 22

v high

Question 23

severe diabetic complication can lead to…. (2)

Answer 23

premature coronary events and PAD

Question 24

what levels are used to measure hgbA1C

Answer 24

non-enzymatic glycosylation

Question 25

hgbA1C estimates...

Answer 25

avg sugar levels

Question 26

bed rest for ____ days increases insulin sensitivity

Answer 26

2

Question 27

if you have diabetes, you should get up and move every ____ minutes to help ____________

Answer 27

30 min; keep blood sugar under control

Question 28

exercise in type 2 enhances...

Answer 28

insulin sensitivity

Question 29

in exercise for type 2, ______ is more important than _________

Answer 29

frequency>intensity

Question 30

exercise can induce ___________ at high intensity

Answer 30

hyperglycemia

Question 31

avoid exercising shortly after ________

Answer 31

short acting injection

Question 32

type 1 should not exercise at this time of day. why?

Answer 32

late at night delayed hypoglycemia episode will occur while they're asleep