Quiz 1b

Question 1

Study of changes in bodily structure and function that occur as a result of disease

Answer 1

Pathology

Question 2

Cause of the injury/disease

Answer 2

Etiology

Question 3

Natural history and development of the disease

Answer 3

Pathogenesis

Question 4

The manner in which the incorrect function is expressed

Answer 4

Pathophysiology

Question 5

The structural abnormality produced by the injury

Answer 5

Lesion

Question 6

The cause of the disease is unknown

Answer 6

Idiopathic

Question 7

The disease is a byproduct of medical diagnosis or treatment

Answer 7

Iatrogenic

Question 8

Study of the functional aspects of disease by lab study of tissue, blood, urine or other body fluids

Answer 8

Clinical pathology

Question 9

Decrease of blood supply to a tissue

Answer 9

Ischemia

Question 10

Local ischemia is caused by

Answer 10

A thrombus

Question 11

Global ischemia is caused by

Answer 11

Low perfusion pressure

Question 12

Arises rapidly, is accompanied by distinctive symptoms and lasts a short time

Answer 12

Acute disease

Question 13

Usually begins slowly, with signs and symptoms that are difficult to interpret, persists for a long time

Answer 13

Chronic disease

Question 14

Can chronic diseases be prevented by vaccines or cured by meds?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Complaints reported by the patient or by someone else on behalf of the pt and are part of MH

Answer 15

Symptoms

Question 16

Direct observations by examiner

Answer 16

Signs

Question 17

A collection of clinical signs, symptoms and data

Answer 17

Syndrome

Question 18

A syndrome may be caused by

Answer 18

Different diseases

Question 19

Sickness and health do not refer to

Answer 19

Symptoms, signs, labs, x rays or scientific studies

Question 20

Terms applied to observations - blood test, physical findings etc

Answer 20

Normal/abnormal

Question 21

Describe the results of measurement or observations used to determine whether disease is present

Answer 21

Normal/abnormal

Question 22

___________ are not perfect predictors of disease

Answer 22

Medical tests

Question 23

Tests are _______ if abnormal

Answer 23

Positive

Question 24

Planned cell death

Answer 24

Apoptosis

Question 25

Cell death caused by disease

Answer 25

Necrosis

Question 26

Mild injury or stress to cells induces cells to

Answer 26

Alter and adapt without dying

Question 27

______ influence how we react to injury

Answer 27

Genes

Question 28

Disease may result from injury itself OR

Answer 28

The repair process that follows

Question 29

7 effects of mild cell injury

Answer 29

1. Hydropic change (swelling) 2. Intracellular accumulations 3. Atrophy 4. Hypertrophy 5. Hyperplasia 6. Dysplasia - premalignant 7. Metaplasia - reversible change of one cell type into another

Question 30

Most common type of necrosis

Answer 30

Coagulative

Question 31

A gel-like change in blocks of freshly dead cells mostly cause by ischemia

Answer 31

Coagulative necrosis

Question 32

Seen when entire limb loses blood supply

Answer 32

Gangrenous necrosis

Question 33

Dead tissue dissolves into fluid and pus appears

Answer 33

Liquefactive necrosis

Question 34

Seen in acute pancreatitis; see outlines of dead fat cells

Answer 34

Fat necrosis

Question 35

Caused by TB infection, tissue is off white, soft and clumpy

Answer 35

Caseous necrosis

Question 36

Seen in immune reactions in vessels - fibrin like substance deposited in vessel walls

Answer 36

Fibrinoid necrosis

Question 37

Defective biologic function

Answer 37

Disease

Question 38

2 most common causes of cell injury

Answer 38

1. Hypoxia | 2. Ischemia

Question 39

5 causes of cell atrophy

Answer 39

1. Reduced fxnal demand 2. Inadequate blood supply 3. Lack of hormonal or neural support 4. Chronic injury 5. Aging

Question 40

6 types of necrosis and what conditions cause them

Answer 40

Caseous: TB Coagulative: ischemia Fibrinoid: immune reactions in vessels Fat: acute pancreatitis Gangrenous: entire limb losing blood supply Liquefactive: bacterial/fungal infections

Question 41

Replacement of cells for different cells - reversible

Answer 41

Metaplasia

Question 42

Hinders cell maturation; increases the number of immature cells and decreases the amount of mature cells

Answer 42

Dysplasia