Immune System

Question 1

Primary organs of IS

Answer 1

Bone marrow and thymus

Question 2

Secondary organ of IS

Answer 2

Peyers patches

Question 3

Peyers patches make up how much of IS?

Answer 3

70%

Question 4

Purpose of vaccine

Answer 4

Create immunological memory w/o actually having the disease

Question 5

When is the innate IS activated?

Answer 5

When surface barriers are breached

Question 6

Innate response initiates and triggers….

Answer 6

Acquired response

Question 7

Which is faster: innate or acquired?

Answer 7

Innate

Question 8

Most important cell in adaptive response

Answer 8

Lymphocytes

Question 9

Adaptive response _______ the innate response

Answer 9

Facilitates

Question 10

Active vs passive immunity

Answer 10

Active - produced by administered foreign antigens

Passive - produced by administered antibodies

Question 11

Which is permanent: active or passive immunity?

Answer 11

Active

Question 12

Two types of active immunity

Answer 12

Natural - enviro exposure

Artificial - vaccine

Question 13

Two types of passive immunity

Answer 13

Natural - breast milk

Artificial - injection of antibody

Question 14

Humoral immunity deals with infectious agents in…

Answer 14

Blood and body tissues

Question 15

Cell mediated immunity deals with __________ that have been infected

Answer 15

Body cells

Question 16

What mediates innate, humoral, cell mediated?

Answer 16

Exterior defenses
Antibodies
T-lymphocytes

Question 17

T cell –> regulator t cells –>

Answer 17

Helper T + suppressor T

Question 18

T cell –> effector T –>

Answer 18

Cytotoxic T + memory T

Question 19

Microscopic component of pathogen that causes immune response

Answer 19

Antigen

Question 20

Explain epitope

Answer 20

Subunit of antigen that bind with t-cell or antibody and elicit immune responses

Question 21

3 potential outcomes of antibody attaching to antigen

Answer 21

1. Activate complement system
2. Tag pathogen for destruction by B or T cells
3. Neutralizes pathogen

Question 22

MHC

Answer 22

Major histocompatibility complex proteins

Question 23

MHCs allow immune cells to…

Answer 23

Recognize/communicate with eachother

Question 24

HLA

Answer 24

Human leukocyte antigens

Question 25

Predispose susceptibility to AI disease

Answer 25

HLAs

Question 26

Neutrophils ____ after killing

Answer 26

Die

Question 27

Macrophage nickname

Answer 27

Large eaters

Question 28

Macrophages release interleukins that....

Answer 28

Present antigens to helper T cells to elicit adaptive immune response

Question 29

Type of cell that multipies in allergic disorders

Answer 29

Eosinophils

Question 30

2 cells that circulate in peripheral blood and react to allergic disorders

Answer 30

Basophils | Mast cells

Question 31

Interferons role

Answer 31

Inhibit tumor growth

Question 32

Most aggressive WBCs in IS

Answer 32

NK

Question 33

Optimal length of exss on immune system

Answer 33

30 min

Question 34

Strenous exss may ____ IS

Answer 34

Harm

Question 35

Most common anaphylactic shock

Answer 35

Bee sting

Question 36

Atopy

Answer 36

IgE mediated diseases - genetic predisposition to produce too much IgE -----> hypersensitivity

Question 37

4 types of hypersensitivity

Answer 37

1. Allergic reactions 2. Cytotoxic rxn to self antigen 3. Immune complex hypersensitivity 4. Cell mediated

Question 38

What is produced instead of IgG in type 1 hypersensitivity?

Answer 38

IgE

Question 39

Type 2 hypersensitivity: body's own tissue IDed as _________

Answer 39

Antigen

Question 40

Outcome of type 3 hypersensitivity

Answer 40

Acute inflammation/tissue injury

Question 41

Response in type 4 hypersensitivity

Answer 41

Delayed Ex: graft vs host

Question 42

3 populations at highest risk for HIV/AIDS

Answer 42

Gay men Sex workers IV drug users

Question 43

AIDS

Answer 43

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Question 44

AIDS caused by

Answer 44

Virus

Question 45

In AIDS, there is a dec in what kind of cell?

Answer 45

Helper T

Question 46

Benefit of exercise for patients with HIV

Answer 46

Can increase CD4 cells and delay symptoms

Question 47

Can people with AIDS exercise?

Answer 47

Yes if they get medical clearance

Question 48

Exercise may provide _______ in HIV/AIDS pts

Answer 48

Pain relief

Question 49

CFS

Answer 49

Chronic fatigue syndrome

Question 50

Monitor this in pts with CFS while you exercise them

Answer 50

Vital signs

Question 51

It has been proven that exercise can have this outcome for pts with CFS

Answer 51

Decreased fatigue intensity

Question 52

Name dat antibody: Largest

Answer 52

IgM

Question 53

Name dat antibody: Expressed on surface of B cells

Answer 53

IgM + IgD

Question 54

Name dat antibody: Major antiviral/antibac antibody in blood

Answer 54

IgG

Question 55

Name dat antibody: Defends external body surfaces

Answer 55

IgA

Question 56

Name dat antibody: Bound to receptors on mast cells/basophils

Answer 56

IgE

Question 57

Name dat antibody: Predominant antibody on B lymphocytes

Answer 57

IgD

Question 58

Type of T cell that prevents autoimmune disease

Answer 58

Regulatory/supressor

Question 59

Cellular immunity cannot be transferred _________ to another human

Answer 59

Passively

Question 60

4 potential outcomes if an antigen gets past external defenses

Answer 60

1. B lymphocyte recognizes and produces antibodies to neutralize 2. T lymphocyte recognizes and cytokines kill 3. Cytotoxic T cell recognizes and destroys (virus) 4. Complement system

Question 61

3 overall effects of aging on IS

Answer 61

1. Dec resistance to pathogens 2. Inc number of tumors 3. Inc autoimmune disorders

Question 62

Production of autoantibodies is seen in...

Answer 62

Autoimmune diseases

Question 63

Humoral therapy for AI disease

Answer 63

Remove antibodies

Question 64

Cell-mediated therapy for AI disease

Answer 64

Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapies

Question 65

Autoimmune disease triad

Answer 65

1. Genetic vulnerability 2. Environmental trigger 3. Leaky gut

Question 66

SLE

Answer 66

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 67

DLE

Answer 67

Discoid lupus erythematosus

Question 68

Inflammation location of DLE

Answer 68

Just skin

Question 69

Inflammation location of SLE

Answer 69

Organ/body system

Question 70

Main symptom of SLE/DLE

Answer 70

Joint pain/swelling

Question 71

Biggest PT consideration for SLE

Answer 71

Avoid bedrest

Question 72

Most common MS disorder of US

Answer 72

fibromyalgia

Question 73

Major muscle affected significantly in FMS

Answer 73

Diaphragm

Question 74

FMS has a strong connection with..

Answer 74

Anxiety

Question 75

4 treatments for FMS

Answer 75

1. Stress mgt 2. Meds 3. Modalities 4. Aerobic exss

Question 76

Chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease resulting in destruction of joint tissue

Answer 76

RA

Question 77

Main etiology of RA

Answer 77

Infiltration of T cells in synovial fluid

Question 78

RA involves joints _________

Answer 78

Symetrically

Question 79

Primary goal of PT for RA

Answer 79

State of remission

Question 80

For RA, do not _____________ inflamed joints

Answer 80

Stress/strain