Diarrhoea Flashcards

1
Q

Diarrhoea is

A

increased frequency, fluidity or volume of faeces

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2
Q

Osmotic diarrhoea pathology

A

Unabsorbed solutes cause increased faecal water.

Caused by dietary indiscretion or overloads.

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3
Q

Osmotic diarrhoea clinical signs

A

No blood or PLE

Stops when food withheld

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4
Q

Secretory diarrhoea pathology

A

increased secretion of fluid & ions (crypts)

or reduced absorption (tips)

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5
Q

Secretory diarrhoea is caused by

A

bacterial enterotoxins, viruses, cardiac glycosides and hyperthyroidism in cats

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6
Q

CSs secretory diarrhoea

A

no blood or PLE

Classically continues even when food withheld

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7
Q

Permeability diarrhoea pathology

A

increased permeability of epithelial cells and tight junctions
increases antigen access to body - can cause breakdown in immune tolerance

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8
Q

CSs permeability diarrhoea

A

If severe can cause PLE & melena

Improves but doesn’t stop when food withdrawn

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9
Q

Permeability diarrhoea can be due to

A

increased in mucosal blood pressure, right sided heart failure, portal hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, neoplasia, gluten enteropathy, infections or toxins.

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10
Q

Motility diarrhoea

A

Increased/decreased intestinal transit time. Frequently occurs but poorly characterised.
Usually no PLE, melena, reduces on fasting

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11
Q

Motility diarrhoea causes

A

Inflammatory and parasitic diseases, feline and canine dysautonomia, megacolon/colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, hyperthyroidism and parvo-virus enteritis.

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12
Q

Two types or normal gut motility movements

A
  1. rhythmic segmentation - helps mix food

2. peristalsis

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13
Q

Transient diarrhoea

A

Most common presentation.
Often no dx and animals respond to symptomatic therapy.
Can be small or large intestinal or both!
±vomit

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14
Q

Further investigations of transient diarrhoea are indicated if the following occur:

A
  • very systemically ill animal
  • melaena
  • chronic diarrhoea
  • risk of disease in in contacts
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