Digestive system

Question 1

\What Is another name for the alimentary canal?

Answer 1

gastrointestinal tract (GI tract)

Question 2

characteristics of gi tract

Answer 2

• continuous
• coiled
• hollow
• muscular tube

Question 3

where does the gi tract wind through?

Answer 3

the central body cavity and is open at both ends

Question 4

what are the organs in the alientary canal?

Answer 4

• mouth
• pharynx
• esophagus
• stomach
• small intestine
• large intestine

Question 5

why is food outside the body?

Answer 5

because is has contact only with cells lining the tract and is open to the external environment at both ends.

Question 6

what is the lingual frenulum?

Answer 6

a fold of Mucous membrane
- secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth
- limits its posterior movements

Question 7

children born with an extremely short frenulum are often referred to as?

Answer 7

tounge tied

Question 8

what is the pharynx? (peristalsis)

Answer 8

involuntary muscles moeve

Question 9

what is the serosa?

Answer 9

the outermost layer of the wall
- it consists of a single layer of flat serous fluid producing cells
- the visceral peritoneum

Question 10

Cardiac region

Answer 10

surrounds the cardiesophageal sphincter

Question 11

pylorus is

Answer 11

continuous with the small intestine through the pyloric sphincter or valve

Question 12

what do chief cells do?

Answer 12

they produce protein digesting enzymes
-mostly pepsinogens

Question 13

what do parietal cells produce?

Answer 13

corrosive hydrochloric acid
- making the stomach contents acidic and activates the enzymes

Question 14

what is the body’s major digestive organ?

Answer 14

the small intestine

Question 15

what is the small intestine?

Answer 15

a muscular tube extending from the pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve(#3)

Question 16

what is the duodenum? a part of the small intestine

Answer 16

it curves around the head of the pancreas

Question 17

where does the jejunum extend?

Answer 17

the duodenum to the ileum.

Question 18

what is the ileum?

Answer 18

the termind part of the small intestine
- it joins the large intestine at the ileocecal valve

Question 19

what does the pyloric sphincter valve control?

Answer 19

the amount of food movement into the small intestine

Question 20

the liver forms what

Answer 20

bile

Question 21

the main pancreatic and bile ducts join at the duodenum to from the?

Answer 21

hepatopancreaticampulla (liver and pancreatic enlargement)

Question 22

bile and pancreatic juice travel through the what

Answer 22

duodenal papillary and enter the duodenum together

Question 23

what is villi?

Answer 23

finger-like projections of the mucosa
- Turkish towel

Question 24

the anal canal has external voluntary sphincter (#)

Answer 24

5

Question 25

what is the large intestine composed of?

Answer 25

skeletal muscle

Question 26

the large intestine has a involuntary sphincter (#)

Answer 26

4

Question 27

what are the three salivary glands that produce saliva?

Answer 27

- parotid gland - submandibular glands - small sublingual glands

Question 28

what is the inflamation of the parotid gland?

Answer 28

mumps

Question 29

where does the parotid glands lie?

Answer 29

anterior to the ears

Question 30

what are deciduous teeth?

Answer 30

baby teeth -20 teeth by age 2

Question 31

how many permanent teeth in the adult mouth?

Answer 31

32 16/16

Question 32

what are incisors, canines, and premolars used for?

Answer 32

- cutting - tearing - grinding

Question 33

enamel vs root of tooth

Answer 33

enamel is the hardest substance in the body root is embedded in the jaw bone

Question 34

what is a root canal?

Answer 34

where the pulp cavity extends into the root

Question 35

what is the pancreatic amylase? pancreas

Answer 35

an enzyme that completes the digestion the 4 nucleic acids

Question 36

the pancreas has bicarbonate which does what?

Answer 36

makes it very basic and when it reaches the small intestine, it neutralizes the acid chyme from the stomach

Question 37

what is the liver's function?

Answer 37

producing bile breaking down hemoglobin, cholesterol, phospholipids, and a variety of electrolytes

Question 38

where is the gallbladder and what does it do?

Answer 38

snuggles in a shallow fossa in the inferior surface of the liver acts as backup