digestive system

Question 1

what type of digestion takes place in the mouth

Answer 1

both mechanical and chemical

Question 2

how does mechanical digestion take place in the mouth?

Answer 2

mastication: chewing of the food using teeth

Question 3

how does chemical digestion take place in the mouth

Answer 3

salivary amylase starts breaking down carbohydrates

Question 4

where is saliva secreted from and what does it release

Answer 4

saliva is released from our 3 salivary glands, saliva contains mucus to lubricate food and salivary amylase to begin chemical digestion of starch

Question 5

what nutrient group does the mouth digest

Answer 5

carbohydrates, starch into disaccharide maltose

Question 6

what is the function of salivary amylase

Answer 6

to begin chemical digestion

Question 7

what is peristalsis?

Answer 7

a series of wave like muscle contractions that move food along the digestive tract

Question 8

what helps move food down the oesophagus

Answer 8

the secretion of mucus that lubricates the inner lining and helps move food smoothly

Question 9

what type of digestion happens in the stomach

Answer 9

both mechanical and chemical

Question 10

how does chemical digestion take place in the stomach

Answer 10

gastric juices start breaking down protein

Question 11

how does mechanical digestion take place in the stomach

Answer 11

muscular contractions churn food and gastric juices into chyme.

Question 12

what is chyme and how is it produced

Answer 12

thick soupy liquid produced from the stomach muscles churning food and gastric juices together

Question 13

name the 3 stomach muscles

Answer 13

1. circular
2. longitudinal
3. oblique

Question 14

what direction does the circular stomach muscle move

Answer 14

it is wrapping around

Question 15

what direction does the longitudinal stomach muscle move

Answer 15

top to bottom

Question 16

what direction does the oblique stomach muscle move

Answer 16

on an angle

Question 17

what nutrient group is digested in the stomach

Answer 17

proteins

Question 18

what is the mucosa and what does it do

Answer 18

the lining of the stomach it secrets the gastric juices

Question 19

what is the pyloric sphincter

Answer 19

a ring shaped muscle at the end of the stomach that controls the passage of chyme

Question 20

what are the components of gastric juice

Answer 20

1.hydrochloric acid
2.mucus
3.pepsinogen

Question 21

how long does food stay in the stomach for

Answer 21

2-8 hours

Question 22

on average how long is the small intestine

Answer 22

6-7 m

Question 23

what are the 3 fluids contained in the small intestine

Answer 23

pancreatic juice, bile, intestinal juice

Question 24

describe the small intestine

Answer 24

it receives chyme from the pyloric sphincter, the lining secrets intestinal juices and is lined with villi for absorbing food

Question 25

what is the PH of pancreatic juice

Answer 25

an 8

Question 26

why is pancreatic juices PH an 8

Answer 26

to neutralise the acid of the material from the stomach, the enzymes in the pancreatic juice dont work in an acidic environment

Question 27

what nutrient group does the pancreatic amylase break down

Answer 27

breaks down starch into disaccharide maltose

Question 28

what nutrient group does the pancreatic protease break down

Answer 28

proteins

Question 29

what nutrient group does the pancreatic lipases break down

Answer 29

fats into fatty acid and glycerol

Question 30

what are the 3 parts the small intestine are made up of

Answer 30

1. duodenum 2. jejunum 3.ileum

Question 31

what is the function of bile

Answer 31

important for mechanical digestion of fats, it emulsifies the fats breaking it into tiny droplets

Question 32

what is the pancreatic juice produced by

Answer 32

pancreas

Question 33

what is bile produced by

Answer 33

liver

Question 34

what is the intestinal juice produced by

Answer 34

the lining of the small intestine

Question 35

what type of digestion is pancreatic juice

Answer 35

chemical

Question 36

what type of digestion is bile

Answer 36

mechanical

Question 37

what type of digestion is intestinal juice

Answer 37

chemical

Question 38

what contents are in pancreatic juice ( the 4 pancreatic enzymes)

Answer 38

1. pancreatic amylase 2. pancreatic protease 3. pancreatic lipases 4. ribonuclease and dexyribonucleus

Question 39

what nutrient group does ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease breakdown

Answer 39

RNA and DNA

Question 40

what contents are in bile

Answer 40

bile salts

Question 41

what contents are in intestinal juice

Answer 41

1. peptidases 2. lipases 3. amylase

Question 42

what does the intestinal amylase break down

Answer 42

breaks down disaccharides into simple sugars

Question 43

what does the intestinal peptidases break down

Answer 43

breaks down peptides to amino acids

Question 44

what does the intestinal lipases do

Answer 44

breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 45

what are villi

Answer 45

tiny finger like projections that line the small intestine its job is to increase surface area and absorb food

Question 46

what happens when the pyloric sphincter relaxes

Answer 46

the food will be able to pass through to the duodenum

Question 47

what is the organic compound of carbohydrates

Answer 47

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 48

what is the organic compound of proteins

Answer 48

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen sometimes sulphur and phosphorus

Question 49

what is the organic compound of lipids

Answer 49

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen